Valvular heart disease

Question 1

mitral stenosis signs

Answer 1

mid diastolic murmur, tapping apex beat, malar flush

Question 2

mitral stenosis treatment

Answer 2

1. diuretics, treat AF
2. valve replacement

Question 3

mitral regurgitation sign

Answer 3

pansystolic

Question 4

mitral regurgitation treatments

Answer 4

1. diuretics
   2.valve replacement
   3.percutaneous clips if young and non-severe

Question 5

aortic stenosis signs

Answer 5

ejection systolic murmur, slow rising pulse

Question 6

aortic stenosis treatment

Answer 6

1. valve replacement
   a) mechanical-longevity, warfarin, younger
   b)bio-prosthetic-short-term (10 yrs), no warfarin, older patients
2. TAVI- trans catheter aortic valve replacement
   3.balloon aortic valvotomy

Question 7

aortic regurgitation signs

Answer 7

early diastolic murmur left sternal edge, collapsing pulse

Question 8

aortic regurgitation treatments

Answer 8

1.underlying cause
2.maybe surgery