Valvular Disease Flashcards
Heart Sounds 1 + 2 are made by which valves
HS 1 “lub” = closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
HS 2 “dub” = closure or pulmonary and aortic valves
Aortic Stenosis Sounds
Heard Aortic area and Apex
Radiates to Carotids
Ejection sytolic murmur (crescendo) with ejection click
Aortic Regurgitation Sounds
Heard Left Sternal edge radiates to apex Early diastolic murmor Loud then decrescendos "Austin Flint"
Heard Left Sternal edge radiates to apex Early diastolic murmor Loud then decrescendos "Austin Flint"
Aortic Regurgitation
Heard Aortic area and Apex
Radiates to Carotids
Ejection sytolic murmur (crescendo) with ejection click
Aortic Stenosis
Mitral Stenosis Sounds
Heard at mitral area (apex)
Mid diastolic
low pitched
with high pitched opening snap
Heard at mitral area (apex)
Mid diastolic
low pitched
with high pitched opening snap
Mitral stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation Sounds
Hear at apex
Radiates left axilla
Pansystolic murmur of continuous intensity
midsystolic click
Hear at apex
Radiates left axilla
Pansystolic murmur of continuous intensity
midsystolic click
Mitral Regurgitation
Pulmonary Stenosis sounds
Heard pulmonary area (left sternal edge)
Radiates to left clavical
Ejection systolic crescendo murmour
Heard pulmonary area (left sternal edge)
Radiates to left clavical
Ejection systolic crescendo murmour
Pulmonary stenosis
Tricuspid Regurg sounds
Lower right sternum
Radiates to liver and back
Pansystolic
Lower right sternum
Radiates to liver and back
Pansystolic
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Ventricular Septal defect sounds
Loudest at left sternal edge
radiates through whole precordium
Pansystolic
Loudest at left sternal edge
radiates through whole precordium
Pansystolic
VSD
Symptoms of Aortic Stenosis
Chest pain
SOB
pre-syncope, syncope and fatigue
progresses, initially only symptomatic on exertion
Symptoms Aortic Regurgitation
Pounding Angina breathlessness Collapsing Waterhammer pulse eventually LVH and signs of LHF
Symptoms Mitral Stenosis
Recurrent bronchitis progressive dypnoea RHF (oedema, fatigue) AF Rosy cheeks and cyanosis
Mitral Regurgitation Symptoms
Palpitations SOB Fatigue RHF Cachexia displaced apex
Tricuspid Regurgitation symptoms
RHF picture (due to increased R Atrial and systemic venous pressure)
Palpable pulsating liver
AF
Pulmonary Stenosis symptoms
Sudden Death
R Hypertrophy and R HF
Fatigue syncope
Heave and thrill
Causes Valvular Heat Disease
Vascular: IHD -> mitral and tricuspid regurgitation
Infective Endocarditis -> Aortic, Mitral and Tri Regurgitation
Tumours: Carcinoid -> mitral stenosis
Autoimmune/ Inflammatory: connective tissue diseases -> Mitral & Aortic R
Medication: Mitral Regurgitation
Inherited: Mitral, aortic and Pulmonary Stenosis + TR
CKD
Pagets
Degenerative changes
