VALUES FOR BIOCHEM AND PHYSIOLOGY

Question 1

ambient pressure

Answer 1

760 mmHg

Question 2

central venous pressure

Answer 2

4 and 12 cm H2O

OR 8-12 mmHg

Question 3

mean systemic, circulatory and pulmonary pressure

Answer 3

Msf = 7 mmHg
Mcf = negligible
Mcf = approx 7 mmHg

bcos Msf+Mpf = Mcf but Mcf if very small since pulmonary vessel compliance and blood vol content is OVERALL lower than systemic.

Question 4

HIL of CVS

Answer 4

5 cm below heart

(determinant is elastance)

Question 5

density of blood

Answer 5

1.055 g/ml

Question 6

viscosity of:
water
plasma
blood

(at normal HC)

Answer 6

water = 1
plasma = 2
blood = 3

(plasma is higher bcos of plasma protiens, blood is even higher bcos of RBCs)

Question 7

hematocrit value

Answer 7

men: 40-54
women: 36-48

Question 8

diameter of a RBC

Answer 8

7 micrometers

Question 9

EDV
ESV
SV

Answer 9

EDV = 120
ESV = 50
SV = 70 (the difference)

Question 10

ejection fraction

Answer 10

65%

Question 11

O2 consumption for:
1. basal metabolism of the unbeating heart
2. extra requirement when the heart is beating

Answer 11

1. 2 ml/min
2. 8-10 ml/min (equal to PVA)

Question 12

CO and VR

Answer 12

both 5 (equal in steady state)

Question 13

MAP

Answer 13

70-100 mmHg

Question 14

SBP
DBP

Answer 14

SBP –> max 120
DBP –> 80

Question 15

pulse wave velocity that is normal vs pathological

Answer 15

up to 10 is fine
above 10 m/s shows CVS dysfunction

(also increases with age since compliance decreases)

Question 16

intrinsic beats per min by the SAN

Answer 16

100 bpm

Question 17

size of pores on capillaries

Answer 17

5nm

Question 18

total osmotic pressure of plasma

Answer 18

5025mmHg

Question 19

total osmotic pressure of interstitium (ie cells)

Answer 19

5025 mmHg (same/just a little bit less than plasma)

Question 20

oncotic pressure of plasma (otherwise called colloid osmotic pressure)

Answer 20

25 mmHg
(mainly set up by albumin)

Question 21

maximal CO able to be produced by the heart

Answer 21

20L

Question 22

arterial O2 CONC

Answer 22

20mlO2/100ml

THIS IS CONSTANT PRETTY MUCH EVERYWHERE

Question 23

venous blood content of O2

Answer 23

VERY VARIABLE and chages based on location (unlike the arterial content)

Question 24

O2 CONC in mixed venous blood

Answer 24

15mlO2/100ml

Question 25

arterial venous diff of the ENTIRE BODY, and hence the O2 consumption of the ENTIRE BODY

Answer 25

AVD = 20-15 =5mlO2/100ml
(we use the value of mixed venous)

Consumption = 256ml/min

Question 26

% of CO going to kidneys

Answer 26

20

Question 27

% of CO going to abdomen

Answer 27

total = 30
liver = 7%
splanchnic bed = 23%

Question 28

% of CO going to brain

Answer 28

15%

Question 29

% of CO going to heart

Answer 29

4%

Question 30

% of CO going to skin and skeletal circ

Answer 30

11%

Question 31

range of MAP for which autoregulation can occur

Answer 31

70-140 in general

80-180 for kidney

Question 32

pressure in portal vein

Answer 32

7-10mmHg

Question 33

pressure in sovrahepatic veins

Answer 33

4mmHg (similar to CVP)