Validity of diagnosis

Question 1

Buckley et al

Answer 1

• conditions comorbid with schizophrenia:
  -> panic disorder (15%)
  -> PTSD (29%)
  -> OCD (23%)
  -> depression (50%)
  -> substance abuse (47%)

Question 2

Konstantareas and Hewitt

Answer 2

• investigated symptoms of 14 male autistic patients and 14 male schizophrenic patients
• none of the schizophrenic patients had symptoms of autism
• 50% of autistic patients had symptoms of schizophrenia (negative symptoms particularly)

Question 3

Rosenhan

Answer 3

• first study
  -> sent 8 pseudo-patients to 12 psychiatric hospitals without revealing it to the staff
  -> they claimed they were hearing voices saying ‘empty, hollow, thud’
  -> 7 were diagnosed with schizophrenia (1 with bi-polar) and misdiagnosis was never discovered during their stay
• second study
  -> different hospital
  -> staff ranked patients on how likely they were to be pseudo-patients after being told 1-2 would be sent their way (there were none)
  -> 41/193 patients received a score of 2 (highly likely)