Validity

Question 1

Internal validity

Answer 1

The degree a study or test is measuring what was intended to be measured

Question 2

External validity

Answer 2

The degree to which a research finding can be generalised to other situations and people

Question 3

Researcher bias

Answer 3

Anything that an investigator does that has an effect on a participant’s performance in a study other than what was intended

Question 4

Demand characteristics

Answer 4

A cue that makes participants unconsciously aware of the aims of a study or helps participants work out what the researcher expects to find

Question 5

Social desirability bias

Answer 5

A distortion in the way people answer questions i.e they tend to answer questions in such a way that presets themselves in a better light

Question 6

Concurrent validity

Answer 6

A means of establishing external validity by comparing an existing test or questionnaire with the one you are interested in

Question 7

Content validity

Answer 7

Aims to demonstrate that the content of a test represents the area of interest; concerns internal validity

Question 8

Construct validity

Answer 8

Demonstrating the extent to which performance on the test measures an identified underlying construct; concerns internal validity