Validity Flashcards
What is validity
Accuracy
Extent= geniune x measures what wants to
What is internal validity
= are findings
Due to IV manipulation
What are confounding variables + it’s impact
Impacts DV not IV
Varies systematically
E.g. personality
Reduces internal validity
What are demand characteristics + their impact
Cue from researcher, leads to guessing aim x changing behavior
Behavior no longer genuine
Less valid
‘Please you’, ‘screw you’
What is external validity
If findings can be generalised
Outside of the Study
E.g.
Population
Ecological
Temporal
What is ecological validity?
= can findings be generalised to IRL settings?
Lab= NOT eco valid
observation controlled= NOT
’ natural’ depends on the person
What is mundane realism?
= when the tasks reflect everyday life
If high ++ ecological validity
Vice versa
E.g. NOT word lists
What is temporal validity
= can study be applied to other time periods
+ how relevant is it in the findings?
E.g. decades ago = irrelevant fie to societal shift
What is face validity?
Basic
Does it appear to measure what it sets to
Used for internal validity
What is concurrent validity?
= extent a psychological measure reflects existing, similar, valid method
Used to asses internal validity
Low correlation (less than +0.8) =not valid
Suggest some ways of improving validity
Use of random sample
Control group to see DV changes
Operationalise
Ensure anonymity
Suggest ways to improve the validity of experiments
Control groups
Standardise procedures
(Reduces researcher variables)
Single/ Double blind procedures
Suggest ways of improving the validity of Qualitative methods
Depth and detail
Eg. Case studies reflect IRL
Enhanced by triangulation (diff methods of research in same area)
E.g. Interview friends family read diary etc
Suggest ways of improving the validity of questionnaires
Add lie scale on qus
(Reducing social desireability bias)
Ensure responses anonymous
Suggest ways of improving the validity of observations
Little researcher intervention
Covert observations
(Natural behaviour)
Behaviour categories too broad= bad impact
