Validity

Question 1

Face validity

Answer 1

It appears to measure what it intends to (at face value)

Question 2

Internal validity

Answer 2

-> if the effects observed are due to manipulation of IV or other factors
1. Construct validity
2. Concurrent validity

Question 3

If test accurately measures the construct/concept

Construct validity

How it’s made

Answer 3

How well a test or measure represents the assumed characteristics of what’s being assessed
E.g. a hazard perception test to test driving ability

Question 4

Concurrent validity

Comparing a new test with a test that has already been validated

Answer 4

How well a test correlates with a measure that has prevously been validated to see if they produce similar results
E.g. taking an IQ test and gaining a certain score, then taking another & gaining a similar score

Question 5

Criterion validity

Can include concurrent/predictive

Answer 5

The extent to which a test can predict the performance/behaviour it was designed to measure (in present, whilst predictive those in future)
E.g. GCSE results to define A-level successs

Question 6

Ecological validity

Answer 6

Whether the study (tasks & env.) reflects real life situations

Question 7

External validity

Looks at factors outside of study

Answer 7

The extent to which results of a study can be generalised to other settings (ecological), other people (population) & overtime (historical)
E.g. using results from this school to suggest how pupils from another school may perform

Question 8

Population validity

Answer 8

Whether the sample is representative of the wider target population and if the findings can then be generalised beyond the sample