Vaginal Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Name some vaginal developmental anomalies

A

septate or double vagina, vaginal adenosis, and gartner duct cysts

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2
Q

septate or double vagina accompanied by

A

uterus didelphys (double uterus)

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3
Q

causes of septate vagina

A

genetics, DES, unknown

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4
Q

vaginal adenosis

A

tissue that is supposed to be in cervix (columnar endocervical epithelium) migrates to vaginal wall

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5
Q

vaginal wall appearance normal vs. in vaginal adenosis

A

vaginal mucosa is usually pale pink, in vaginal adenosis- red granular area

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6
Q

cause of vaginal adenosis

A

DES

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7
Q

35-90% of women exposed to DES in utero will have what disorder

A

vaginal adenosis

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8
Q

Mucus cysts vs. gartner duct cyst

A

developmental vaginal anomalies. mucus cyst derived from wolffian duct rests, gartner duct cyst derives from mullerian epithelium

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9
Q

describe gartner duct cyst

A

1-2 cm fluid filled cyst in vaginal submucosa resulting from wolffiant duct rests

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10
Q

most common causes of vaginites

A

bacterial vaginitis, candida (2nd), and Trichomonas vaginitis

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11
Q

who does use of abx increase risk of vaginitis?

A

because abx kill lactobacillus and acideophilus in vaginal vault which increases alkalinity of vagina and makes it more susceptible to trich and Bacterial vaginitis

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12
Q

acidic environment of vagina is protectful why?

A

because it prevents bacterial growth

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13
Q

risk factors of bacterial vaginitis

A

pregnancy, IUD, douching

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14
Q

risk factors of candida vaginitis

A

oral contraceptive use, IUD abx use, young at first intercourse, and immunocompromised

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15
Q

greatest incidence of vaginitis

A

females 10-24 years old

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16
Q

predisposing conditions of vaginitis that may cause pH change that is less protective against pathogens:

A

douching, deodorant pads, increased glycogen (abx use)

17
Q

name premalignant and malignant neoplasms of vagina

A

VAIN, SCC (malignant), embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant), adenocarcinoma (malignant), melanoma (malignant)

18
Q

VAIN classification

A

I- lower one third of epithelium, II- lower 2/3 of epithelium III- full thickness but not yet through B.M.

19
Q

VAIN and VIN are similar in that

A

they are both premalignant and both associated with HPV. VIN- 16, 18, 31. VAIN-16, 18

20
Q

what percent of those that have VAIN have intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma of cervix or vulva?

A

50-90%

21
Q

VAIN associated with HPV, specifics VAIN 1 vs. 2 and 3

A

99% of VAIN I a/w HPV. 93% of VAIN II and III a/w HPV

22
Q

mean age at vaginal SCC diagnosis

A

60

23
Q

is vaginal SCC associated with HPV?

A

Yes. arises from VAIN (premalignant lesions). VAIN a/w HPV, so is vaginal SCC

24
Q

why do more CIN progress to carcinoma than VAINs?

A

vaginal epithelium is more stable than cervical epithelium

25
Q

tumors of vaginal SCC describe

A

nodular, ulcerative, indurated, endophytic, or exophytic

26
Q

lesions in lower 2/3rds of vaginal SCC mets to…

A

inguinal nodes then to lungs and liver

27
Q

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma aka

A

sarcoma botryoides

28
Q

what vaginal neoplasm is seen in kids less than 5 years?

A

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

29
Q

4 year old presents with grape like clusters projecting out of vagina- polypoid, rounded bulky masses. what do you suspect

A

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

30
Q

describe tumor cells of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

A

small oval nuclei, protrusion of cytoplasm from one end

31
Q

vaginal adenocarcinoma is rare and a/w

A

DES