Vaginal and Vulval Cancer Flashcards
Who does vulval cancer generally present in?
How is this demographic changing?
How does it tend to present?
Elderly women
It is occurring more in women in their 30s/40s due to high risk HPV infection
An ulcer or mass associated with pain, itch, discharge or bleeding
What is the most common type of both vulval and vaginal cancer?
What can this often be co-existant with?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Which particular strain of HPV is associated with causing vulval and vaginal cancers the most?
What is the precursor lesion for vulval cancer?
What is the precursor lesion for vaginal cancer?
What is another risk factor for vaginal cancer?
Type 16
Vulval intra-epithelial neplasia
Vaginal intra-epithelial neoplasia
Radiotherapy
What investigations are used for vulval cancer?
Where can vulval cancer spread to, that is the most important prognostic factor?
How is vulval cancer treated?
Vulval biopsy for diagnosis / CT/MRI for staging
Inguinal lymph nodes
Surgically - radical vulvectomy +/- inguinal lymphadenectomy
What is the most common cause of a tumour at the vagina?
When is the peak incidence of vaginal cancer?
What are some common presenting symptoms?
Where is the mass usually seen?
What is a very rare cause of a vaginal cancer, which may be seen as a polyp?
Metastases
60-70
Vaginal bleeding or discharge
Top of the vagina
Melanoma
What investigation should be done for vaginal cancer?
How is it treated?
Examination under anaesthetic and biopsy for diagnosis
Mainly with radiotherapy, radical surgery is only an option for stage 1 disease
