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Pediatric vaccines > Vaccines > Flashcards

Vaccines Flashcards

1
Q

What shots are given at birth ?

A

Hep B - 1st dose

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2
Q

What shots are given at 1 month ?

A

Hep B - 2nd dose

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3
Q

What shots are given at 2 months?

A 
Rotovirus - 1st 
Dtap - 1st 
Hib  - 1st 
PCV - 1st 
IPV - 1st
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4
Q

What shots are given at 4 months ?

A 
Rotovirus - 2nd 
Dtap - 2nd 
Hib  - 2nd
PCV - 2nd
IPV - 2nd
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5
Q

What shots are given at 6 months ?

A 
Hep B - 3rd 
Dtap -  3rd 
Hib  - 3rd 
PCV - 3rd 
IPV - 3rd  can take between 6-18months
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6
Q

What shots are given at 12 months ?

A 
Hib - 4th 
PCV 13 - 4th 
MMR - 1st 
Varicella - 1st 
Hep A - need two doses separate by 6-18 months
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7
Q

What shots are given 4-6 years ?

A

Dtap - 5th
IPV 4th
MMR - 2nd
Varicella - 2nd

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8
Q

what shots are given at 15 months

A

Dtap 4th

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9
Q

At what age is flu shot started ?

A

9 months TO 1 year = can get 1 or 2 doses

7-10 years = one dose

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10
Q

when is Hep A given? how many doses?

A

Starting at 12 months

in a two dose series and separate by 6 months

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11
Q

Meningitis (menaraca) is given when?

A

Starting at age 11-12 years

and a booster at 16-18 years

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12
Q

Tdap booster given when?

A

11-12 years old

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13
Q

HPV is given at what age? how many doses?

A

HPV start at 11-12 3 dose series, 3 months apart

new rule this year if you start <15 years old only need two shots 3 months apart

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14
Q

What ages is Hep B given?

A

Birth
1
2
6

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15
Q

What ages is Rotovirus given?

A

2

4

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16
Q

What ages is Dtap given?

A 
2
4
6
15
4-6 years
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17
Q

What ages is Hib given?

A

2
4
6
12-15

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18
Q

What ages is PCV 13 given?

A

2
4
6
12-15

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19
Q

What ages is IVP given?

A

2
4
6-18
4-6 years

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20
Q

What ages is MMR given?

A

12-15m

4-6 years

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21
Q

What ages is Varicella given?

A

12-15m

4-6 years

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22
Q

What ages is Hep A given?

A

12- 23 m

two doses separate each by 6 months

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23
Q

When is menarca given?

A

11-12 years

booster at 16-18 years

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24
Q

What ages is Tdap given?

A

11-12years

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25
Q

What type of vaccine is:
whole virus or bacteria
fractional = protein based toxid or subunts
= polysaccharide based pure or conjuate

A

Inactived

aka killed

26
Q

What type of vaccine is:

Weakened virus or bacteria

A

live-attenuated

27
Q

what are all the vaccines that are live-attenuated

A

MMR
Varicella
rotavirus
intranasal influenza

28
Q

what “other” stuff can be found in a vaccine other than the virus or bacteria

A

Suspended fluids - sterile water, saliine, fluids containing protien
Presrvatives and stabilizers- albumin, phenols, glycine
adjuvants or enhances to help it be more effective

29
Q

What are all the routes vaccines can be given?

A

Oral
Intranasal
Parenteral - IM or SC - anterolateral thigh - infants, toddlers and preschoolers. deltoid
-multiple vaccines just need to be given at different sites > 1 inch apart

30
Q

What vaccine schedule do Premature infants follow

A

Same schedule as full term infants

31
Q

What should be given to each parent/patient when a vaccine is given ?

A

Vaccine infomation statement - VIS

require by the national childhood vaccine injury act

32
Q

What are all the contraindications to vaccines?

A
  1. severe allergic reaction- anaphylaxis with previous vaccine or component
  2. Live virus vaccines if severely immunopcomporised
  3. Mod/severe acute illness with/without fever
33
Q

Is a vaccine okay to give if a mild illness is present with a fever?

A

Yes

34
Q

Can MMR and Influenza be given if a child has a egg allergy?

A

Measles and mumps derived from chicken embryo fibroblast
Children with egg allergy even if severe, are at low risk for anaphylaxis
can be given with no precautions
* Influenza can NOT be given

35
Q

What are some side effects to vaccines?

A

Majority are mild- redness, swelling, mild pain and discomfort, low grade fever, fainting
significant- doument in chart
repoart to VARES

36
Q

What is the VARES

A

Vaccine adverse event reporting system

  • all docs who administer vaccines
  • maintain permanent vaccine records and report to VARS reportable events
37
Q

What vaccine - is a virus that causes acute, chronic, perinatal disease
risk of progression to chronic disease is greatest at a young age.
90% of infants
25-50% 1- 5 years
mortality due to cirrhosis or liver cancer

A

HEP B - 2, 4 , 6-18m

38
Q

Dtap protects against what?

A

Diptheria, tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis

39
Q

What bacteria will presents with fevers, pharyngitis with a psuedomembrane
10 % mortality
without treatment 50% mortality
highest risk < 5 years old and > 40 years old

A

Dtap - Corynebacterium diphtheria

40
Q

What bacteria will transmitted through a break in the skin leading to muscle spasms/rigidity
10–20% mortality

A

Clostridium tetani

Dtap

41
Q

what bacteria will caused whooping cough
50% of infants require hospitalizations
3 in 5 are apnea
1% mortality

A

Bordetelal pertussis

Dtap

42
Q

If there is a pertussis epidemic - how early can the vaccine be given?

A

6 weeks

43
Q

When is Dtap stopped and Tdap recommended ?

A

Do not given if 7 or older

should give Tdap at age 7

44
Q

What does Haemophilus influenza cause

A 
Sepsis 
mengitis
pneumonia 
cellulitis 
pericarditis
otitis media
45
Q

Before this vaccine_____ was given this bacteria ____ was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in pediatrics

A

HiB vaccine

Haemophilus influenza type B

46
Q

PCV 13 protects against what type of infections?

A 
S. spnumonia 
pneumonia 
bacteremia 
meningitis 
otitis media
47
Q

When do you give PPSV23

A

Age 2 and older
give only to those are risk of invasive pneumoncoccal diease
given after PCV 13 - wait 8 weeks then given PPSV23

48
Q

What is the most common cause of diarrhea in young children prior to the vaccine

A

Rotavirus
50% went to the ED
1/3 were hospitalized

49
Q

What are all the live vaccines?

A

Flu- intranasal
MMR
Rotavirus
Varicellla

50
Q

you can not give rotavirus when?

A

Can NOT start once 15 weeks old

can NOT give any doses after 8 months old

51
Q

What virus can cause viral meningitis and lead to a paralytic disease
last case reported was 1993

A

Polio

IPV- 3 types of poliovirus

52
Q

which oral vaccine was linked to rare cases of polio?

A

VAPP - previous polio vaccine

53
Q

What are contraindications to Influenza vaccine

A

< 6 months of age

live = asthma, chronic pulmonary disease , serious chronic disease, immunocompromised

54
Q

What causes recent Measles outbreaks in the U.S

A

non-vaccinated travelers

decline in vaccinations

55
Q

What virus will cause an acute self-limiting nausea, vomiting, fever, jaundice, rarely progresses to acute liver failure
mortality < 1 %

A

Hepatitis A

56
Q

What vaccine is a reduced dose of diphtheria and pertussis toxoid

A

Tdap

57
Q

What virus causes warts on the skin and mucous membranes

what virus is associated with cancers- cervical anogenital and oropharyngeal

A

HPV - 6, 11

HPV - 16 & 18

58
Q

This vaccine covers 5 serotypes - A, B, C, W and Y

which one covers

A

Mengitis

Menveo and Menactra

59
Q

What is the combination called - Dtap and IPV

A

Kinrix

60
Q

What is the combination called - Dtap, Hep B, HiB

A

Pediatric

61
Q

What is the combination called - Dtap, IPV, HiB

A

Pentacel

62
Q

What is the combination called- MMRV

A

ProQuad

Pediatric vaccines (1 decks)

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