Vaccines Flashcards
List the main types of immune response.
Innate and adaptive
List some components which are involved in the innate immune response.
Epithelial barriers, phagocytes, complement cascades and natural killer cells.
List some components which are involved in the adaptive immune response.
B lymphocytes, antibodies, T lymphocytes
Where do B lymphocytes mature?
Bone marrow
Where do T lymphocytes mature?
Thymus
State the primary lymphoid organs.
Bone marrow and thymus
State the secondary lymphoid organs.
Spleen, lymph nodes, adenoids, tonsils, mucosal and cutaneous tissue.
Which antibody isotypes are usually produced in the primary immune response?
IgM which then switches to IgG
Which antibody isotypes are usually involved in the secondary immune response?
IgG, sometimes IgA and IgE
Which immunoglobulin is a pentamer?
IgM
List three things that antibodies can do.
Neutralisation, opsonisation and complement activation.
Summarise the innate immune response.
- rapid and recognises patterns
- no memory
- includes physical barriers, physiological and chemical responses
- phagocytosis
- presentation of antigens to lymphocytes
Summarise the adaptive immune response.
- slow on first encounter
- antigen specific response
- creates immune memory
- antibodies deal with extracellular pathogens and toxins
- T cells deal with intracellular pathogens and activate B cell response to most antigens
- works with cells of the innate immune response and chemical messages from cytokines
Define immunity.
Protection from infectious disease.
Define active immunity.
Protection produced by a persons own immune system by natural or artificial means.
