VACCINATION/VACCINE Flashcards
A mother refuses to vaccinate her child against measles due to misinformation. What are the potential risks?
The child remains vulnerable to measles, increasing the risk of severe illness and contributing to potential outbreaks.
A nurse administers a live-attenuated vaccine to an immunocompromised patient. What could happen?
Live vaccines may cause infection in immunocompromised individuals because their immune system cannot fight the weakened virus effectively.
A hospital experiences a power outage affecting vaccine storage. What should be done to ensure vaccine effectiveness?
Vaccines should be stored in emergency cold storage or monitored closely for temperature excursions to prevent spoilage.
A child receives a measles vaccine but later experiences a mild fever. What does this indicate?
A mild fever is a common immune response to vaccination and indicates that the body is developing immunity.
A traveler plans to visit a country with a high risk of yellow fever. What vaccination should they get?
The traveler should receive the Yellow Fever vaccine as a preventive measure.
A healthcare worker accidentally injects a patient with an expired vaccine. What should be done?
The incident should be reported, the patient monitored, and a new, properly stored vaccine should be administered if necessary.
A child receives a flu shot but still gets the flu. Why did this happen?
The flu vaccine reduces severity but does not guarantee complete protection; the child may have encountered a different flu strain.
A community has low vaccination rates. What could happen?
The community becomes vulnerable to outbreaks due to the lack of herd immunity.
A person vaccinated for COVID-19 still contracts the virus. Why?
Vaccines reduce severity and hospitalization risks but do not always prevent infection.
A patient experiences anaphylaxis after receiving a vaccine. What immediate action should be taken?
Administer epinephrine and seek emergency medical care.
A school requires students to be vaccinated before enrollment. Why is this policy in place?
To prevent outbreaks and protect students through herd immunity.
A mother is hesitant about vaccinating her baby due to fear of side effects. How should healthcare providers respond?
Provide accurate information on vaccine safety and address concerns with scientific evidence.
A person believes vaccines cause autism. How should a healthcare worker address this misconception?
Explain that multiple scientific studies have debunked this myth, emphasizing vaccine safety.
A pregnant woman is advised to get a tetanus vaccine. Why?
To protect both the mother and newborn from neonatal tetanus.
A patient asks why they need booster shots for certain vaccines. What is the reason?
Some vaccines require boosters to maintain long-term immunity.
A child develops a rash after receiving the MMR vaccine. What does this indicate?
A mild rash is a normal reaction and not a cause for concern.
A community refuses polio vaccination due to religious beliefs. What could be the consequence?
The community remains at risk for polio outbreaks.
A person with a history of severe allergies is worried about getting a COVID-19 vaccine. What should they do?
Consult their doctor and undergo allergy screening before vaccination.
A country achieves 95% measles vaccination coverage. What is the impact?
Measles outbreaks become rare due to herd immunity.
A nurse administers a pneumococcal vaccine to an elderly patient. Why is this important?
It protects them from pneumonia and other respiratory infections.
A child with a mild cold is scheduled for vaccination. Can they proceed?
Yes, as mild illnesses do not affect vaccine effectiveness.
A COVID-19 booster campaign is launched. Why are booster shots needed?
Boosters enhance immunity, especially against new variants.
A patient develops muscle pain after an influenza vaccine. Is this a concern?
No, mild muscle pain is a common post-vaccine symptom.
A rural community lacks access to vaccines. What should be done?
Implement mobile vaccination programs to reach underserved areas.
A person vaccinated against hepatitis B donates blood. Can they still spread the virus?
No, vaccinated individuals are protected and do not transmit hepatitis B.
What is the main purpose of vaccination?
To stimulate the immune system and prevent infectious diseases.
What is the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?
A government initiative to immunize infants and children against common diseases.
What was the first vaccine introduced in the Philippines?
The smallpox vaccine in 1805.
What law mandates childhood immunization in the Philippines?
Republic Act No. 10152 (Mandatory Infants and Children Immunization Act of 2011).
What are live-attenuated vaccines?
Vaccines containing weakened forms of viruses or bacteria.
Name an example of a live-attenuated vaccine.
Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine.
What are inactivated (killed) vaccines?
Vaccines containing dead pathogens that cannot replicate.
Give an example of an inactivated vaccine.
Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV).
What is a subunit vaccine?
A vaccine that contains specific parts of a pathogen instead of the whole organism.
Name an example of a subunit vaccine.
Hepatitis B vaccine.
How does an mRNA vaccine work?
It instructs cells to produce viral proteins that trigger an immune response.
What are examples of mRNA vaccines?
Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines.
What is herd immunity?
Community protection achieved when a large percentage of people are vaccinated.
What vaccine is recommended for pregnant women?
Tetanus toxoid vaccine.
What is the role of B cells in vaccination?
They produce antibodies to fight infections.
What are common mild side effects of vaccines?
Fever, pain at the injection site, and fatigue.
What is cold chain management in vaccination?
The process of storing and transporting vaccines at the correct temperature.
What does AEFI stand for?
Adverse Events Following Immunization.
What is a viral vector vaccine?
A vaccine that uses a harmless virus to deliver genetic material.
Name an example of a viral vector vaccine.
AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.
What are booster shots?
Additional vaccine doses to maintain long-term immunity.
What global organization supports vaccination programs?
World Health Organization (WHO).
What year was the Dengue vaccine introduced in the Philippines?
2016.
Why do some vaccines require multiple doses?
To strengthen and prolong immunity.
What is the main goal of the National Immunization Program (NIP)?
To reduce vaccine-preventable diseases.
