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Macro-molecules > Vacabluary > Flashcards

Vacabluary Flashcards

1
Q

Organic Compound

A

carbon-containing compounds, which are the basis of all known organic life

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2
Q

Functional Group

A

a smaller group of elements other than hydrogen and carbon in a living organism

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3
Q

Monomer

A

simple molecule or unit

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4
Q

Polymer

A

complex molecules of repeated units or monomers

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5
Q

Macromolecule

A

large polymers

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6
Q

Condensation Reaction

A

when one monomer shares OH with a monomer that shares H to form water molecules / joins molecules together

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7
Q

Hydrolysis Reaction

A

the opposite of a Condensation Reaction / it separates the H2O into HO and H

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8
Q

ATP

A

when the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate is broken to release energy

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9
Q

Carbohydrate

A

a product of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

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10
Q

Monosaccharide

A

a type of carbohydrate formed from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen / its a sugar

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11
Q

Disaccharide

A

2 monosaccharides combined by dehydration synthesis or condensation

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12
Q

Polysaccharide

A

used to store glucose or to build structures like glycogen, starch, and Cellulose / 3 or more sugars

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13
Q

Protein

A

one of the 4 main classes of organic compound, formed from amino acid bonded with peptide bonds

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14
Q

Amino Acid

A

a type of carboxylic acid that forms proteins

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15
Q

Peptide bond

A

a covalent bond between 2 amino acids

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16
Q

Polypeptide

A

a long chain of amino acids that makes protein

17
Q

Enzyme

A

they act like catalyst but only work on substrate

18
Q

Substrate

A

a reactant that enters an enzyme’s activation site

19
Q

Active Site

A

area where reaction takes place

20
Q

Lipid

A

a long straight fatty acid chain with a water loving glycerol end that stores energy

21
Q

Fatty Acid

A

a long straight hydrocarbon chain with carboxyl at one end

22
Q

Triglyceride

A

made of 3 fatty acids and a glycerol

23
Q

Phospholipid

A

a type of lipid made of 2 fatty acids and a glycerol

24
Q

Wax

A

a long fatty acid chain and alcohol chain

25
Q

Steroid

A

A lipid made from 4 fused carbon rings

26
Q

Nucleic Acid

A

DNA and RNA

27
Q

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

A

stores information directing all cell activities and generic information / controls characteristics

28
Q

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

A

transfers information to manufacture proteins

29
Q

Nucleotide

A

the building blocks of nucleic acid

Macro-molecules (1 decks)

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