Uworld Test 2

Question 1

subareolar mass that is well-circumscribed and post-pregnancy

Answer 1

galactocele

Question 2

bilateral breast tenderness, fullness, and warmth

Answer 2

engorgement

Question 3

focal breast tenderness, firmness and or erythema with no fever

Answer 3

plugged duct

Question 4

breast mass that is soft, firm, mobile and non-tender

Answer 4

fibroadenoma

Question 5

when the bowel is trapped in the hernia and get ischemic

Answer 5

strangulation

Question 6

when the bowel is trapped in the hernia and blood flow is disrupted

Answer 6

incarceration

Question 7

what causes a pre-renal AKI

Answer 7

volume depletion leads to decreased renal perfusion. So there is an elevated BUN/Cr ration of >20:1

Question 8

what can develop after a long AKI

Answer 8

acute tubular necrosis

Question 9

what does mineralocorticoid deficiency cause

Answer 9

orthostatic hypotension

Question 10

what does glucocorticoid deficiency cause

Answer 10

fatigue, weight loss, and loss of appetite

Question 11

what are the electrolyte disturbances with addisons

Answer 11

hypotension, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia and increased plasma renin

Question 12

what do you add to addison for mineralocorticoid def

Answer 12

fludricortisone

Question 13

what does functional hypothalamic amenrohea present with and does it repsond to progesterone

Answer 13

it does not respond to progesterone and it presents with amenorrhea and it is from significant weight loss

Question 14

post-op day 1 with right upper quadrant tenderness, nausea, vomiting, and leukocytosis and obstructive liver enzymes

Answer 14

bile leak- it has normal appearing billiary ducts

Question 15

bilateral facila nerve palsy with rapid onset and lymphocytic meningitis and radiculoneuritits- mild flu like

Answer 15

Lyme disease

Question 16

bilateral facial nerve palsy and fheadache, fever, seuzres, and focal deficits

Answer 16

herpes

Question 17

if a physician is impaired, what do you do

Answer 17

ethical and legal obligation to report the impaired colleague to the physician health program

Question 18

how do you treat an infantile hemangioma

Answer 18

typically involute and regress, and they can have topical timolol if there is ulceration

Question 19

painless unilateral tesitular nodule with dull ache sometimes and in younger does not transilluminate

Answer 19

testicular cancer

Question 20

what is first line medical treatment for eating diroders

Answer 20

fluoxetine

Question 21

loss of communication skills, decelerated head growth, hand clapping, and gait ataxia- what is the syndrome and what is the gene

Answer 21

REtt and MECP2

Question 22

developmental delay in a girl with jerky gait happy demeanor and seizures- hat is the syndrome and what is the mutation

Answer 22

it is andelman from the loss of maternal 15 copy

Question 23

what is the CO, preload and after load for cariogenic shock

Answer 23

increased preload, decreased CO< and increased afterload

Question 24

what typically grows from intertrigo

Answer 24

candida- kidding plaques

Question 25

what si the bacterial cause of intertrigo

Answer 25

woods lamp erythrasam and it is red brown plaques with fine scale and coral red under woods lamp

Question 26

infant has growth restriction, hepatospenomegaly, jaundice, and petechiae, and there are periventricular calcifications and microcephaly

Answer 26

CMV

Question 27

what do you give for minor sunburns

Answer 27

oral pain medications like NSAIDs

Question 28

what patients cannot take colchicine

Answer 28

cannot take if severe renal dysfunction and elderly

Question 29

what patients cannot take NSAIDs

Answer 29

cannot take if there is HF or bleeding risk on other medications

Question 30

if there is closed cervix and fetus at normal heart rate but there is bleeding

Answer 30

threatened abortion- outpatient observation

Question 31

what is the cause of urge incontinence

Answer 31

detrusor overactivitis

Question 32

in acute liver failure, does he Pt or PTT change

Answer 32

PT

Question 33

what causes a myelomeningocele

Answer 33

folate deficiency

Question 34

what do you do for depression during pregnancy

Answer 34

sertraline

Question 35

where is the most common site of hemorrhage in the brain from HTN

Answer 35

basal ganglia

Question 36

what is the potential consequence of basal ganglia hemorrhage

Answer 36

uncal herniation

Question 37

potential drug interactions with tramadol

Answer 37

tramadol and sSRI together can cause serotonin syndrome

Question 38

uterine fundal tenderness leads to

Answer 38

postpartun endometritits

Question 39

what is the treatment for mycoplasma pneumonia

Answer 39

macrolide or FQ- azirthromucin

Question 40

what is the best way to prevent atelectasis after surgery

Answer 40

pre-operative pjysical therapy

Question 41

what happens to REM latency with narcolepsy

Answer 41

decreased REM latency

Question 42

what is the presentation of entamoeba histolytica

Answer 42

protozoal infection of the gut with food and waye. blood stool with mucus and abdominal pain. See ova and parasites in the stool- use metronidazole and paromomycin

Question 43

recurrent infections, excema, and microthyombocytopenia, petechiae, and purport and hematuria in a child

Answer 43

iskott aldrich

Question 44

young smoker with dead toes

Answer 44

thromboangitits obliterans

Question 45

central bronchiectasis and eosinophilia is what

Answer 45

ABPA

Question 46

dilated pupils, seizures, hyperthermia, flushed skin, decreased bowel sounds and wide QRS from what overdose

Answer 46

TCa overdose

Question 47

how do you treat severe hypercalcemia

Answer 47

you treat it with .9% normal saline

Question 48

what happens with bornchietatasis

Answer 48

permanent destruction and fixation of the airways