Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

9 Psychiatry > UWorld - Psych > Flashcards

UWorld - Psych Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
and/or
SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dx: Psychosis with nystagmus

And Tx?

A 
Dx = PCP (Phencyclidine) Intoxication
Tx = benzodiazapine (e.g. lorazepam)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dexmedetomidine mechanism and use

A

Dexmedetomidine is an alpha 2 agonist, used for procedures in the ICU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drug for treatment resistant schizophrenia (poor response to at least 2 antipsychotic meds). Side effect of this drug.

A

Clozapine

Side effect = agranulocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Personality disorder: someone who prefers to be a loner

A

Schizoid (cluster A odd/eccentric)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Personality disorder: magical thoughts

A

Schizotypal (cluster A odd/eccentric)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Personality disorder: disregard for the rights of others

A

Antisocial (cluster B dramatic/erratic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Personality disorder: chaotic relationships, abandonment fears, labile mood (easily changes), impulsivity, inner emptiness, self-harm

A

Borderline (cluster B dramatic/erratic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Personality disorder: attention-seaking

A

Histrionic (cluster B dramatic/erratic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Personality disorder: grandiosity, lack of empathy

A

Narcissistic (cluster B dramatic/erratic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Personality disorder: Avoidance due to fears of criticism

A

Avoidant (cluster C anxious/fearful)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Personality disorder: Suspicious

A

Paranoid (cluster A Odd/eccentric)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Personality disorder: submissive, clingy

A

Dependent (cluster C anxious/fearful)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Personality disorder: controlling, perfectionistic

A

Obcessive-compulsive personality disorder (cluster C anxious/fearful)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Street drug that can cause Serotonin Syndrome

A

Ecstasy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome

A 
Neuromuscular hyperactivity (e.g. seizure)
Autonomic stimulation (e.g. fever)
Agitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How to treat serotonin syndrome

A

Cyproheptadine (5HT2 receptor antagonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Timetable of Major Depressive Disorder

A

> /= 2 weeks of 5/9 SIGECAPS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Timetable of dysthymia (persistent depressive disorder)

A

> /= 2 yrs of chronic depressed mood, but not meeting enough SIGECAPS to diagnose depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Timetable of Adjustment disorder with depressed mood.

Treatment

A
  • Onset within 3 months of identifiable stressor, but does not meet enough SIGECAPS. Lasting less than 6 months. If more than 6 months then it is Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
    Treatment = Psychotherapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Use of Zolpidem

A

Zolpidem is a nonbenzo hypnotic used to treat insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Most effective treatment for major depressive disorder

A

SSRI and psychotherapy:

cognitive-behavioral therapy or interpersonal psychotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Timetable for Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)

A

More than 6 months of anxiety in 1 or more social situations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tx for Social anxiety disorder

A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
and
SSRI/SNRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Tx for Social anxiety disorder - performance subtype

A

Beta blocker
OR
Benzodiazepine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Timetable for Acute Stress Disorder

And Tx

A

More than 3 days, less than 1 month
of symptoms after exposure to traumatic event
Tx: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Timetable for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

A

lasts more than 1 month.

less than 1 month is Acute Stress Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Timetable for Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

More than 6 months.

Less than 6 months is Adjustment disorder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Timetable for diagnosing: Specific Phobia

Tx?

A

More than 6 months of anxiety related to something specific.

Tx = systematic desensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Fluoxetine mechanism

A

SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Panic disorder next step in treatment

A

Benzodiazepines (e.g. Lorazepam)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Palpitations, chest pain, trembling, dizziness, fear of dying and avoidance behavior. Dx? Tx?

A

Dx: Panic disorder
Tx Short term = benzodiazepins
Tx Long term = SSRI and CBT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the difference between oppositional defiant disorder vs conduct disorder vs antisocial personality disorder.

A

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a pattern of defiance of rules and authority figures, and blaming others.
Conduct disorder is more severe and aggressive, such as cruelty towards animals, stealing, destruction of property.
If over 18 it is antisocial personality disorder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

define: Kleptomania

A

An impulse control disorder characterized by inability to resist impulse to steal objects of low monetary value.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Venlafaxine mechanism

A

SNRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Define the defense mechanism: Reaction formation

A

Transforming unacceptable feelings and impulses into their extreme opposites.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which ones are the mature defense mechanisms and what are their definitions?

A 
Sublimation = Channeling impulses into socially acceptable behaviors
Suppression = Putting unwanted feeling aside to cope with reality.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Define the defense mechanism: Displacement

A

Transferring feelings to less threatening object/person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Define the defense mechanism: Projection

A

Attributing one’s owns feeling to others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Define the defense mechanism: Splitting

A

Experiencing a person/situation as either all positive or all negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Instead of depressed mood, pediatric depression can present with ______ mood

A

irritable mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Treatment of pediatric depression

A

Psychotherapy and SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Malingering vs Factitious Disorder

A

Malingering = faking symptoms for secondary gain

Factitious Disordering = faking symptoms to assume the sick role (not for secondary gain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Atomoxetine mechanism and use.

A

Atomoxetine is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It is used as an alternative to stimulant medications like methylphenidate in the treatment of ADHD.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Modafinil. What condition is this used for?

A

Narcolepsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Despiramine. Drug class.

A

TCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Guanfacine. Mechanism and use

A

Alpha 2 agonist.
Used in ADHD in children and adolescents.
NOT in adult ADHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Clonidine. Mechanism and use.

A

Alpha 2 agonist.
Used in ADHD in children and adolescents.
NOT in adult ADHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder. Tx?

A

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Ability to recall bad dreams
No motor activity
Dx?

A

Nightmare disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Ability to recall bad dreams
Plus motor activity
Dx?

A

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Mature coping mechanisms

A

Sublimation

Suppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

def. Displacement

A

Transferring feeling to less threatening object/person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

def Acting Out

A

Expressing unacceptable feelings through actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

def Reaction Formation

A

Transforming unacceptable feeling/impulses into the opposite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

def Splitting

A

Experiencing a person/situation as either all positive or all negatives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Neuroimaging seen in obsessive-compulsive disorder

A

Abnormalities in orbitofrontal cortex and basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Neuroimaging seen in schizophrenia

A

Enlargement of cerebral ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Phenelzine mechanism

A

MAOI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Venlafaxine mechanism

A

SNRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Anti-depressants that cause hypertension

A

SNRI

MAOI after ingestion of tyramine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Anti-depressants that cause hypotension

A

MAOI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Abrupt cessation of this anti-anxiety med causes withdrawal seizures

A

Alprazolam (short-acting benzo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Mirtazapine mechanism and use

A

Antidepressant
Alpha2 receptor antagonist
Which results in an increase of release of NE and Seratonin.
Also acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Buproprion – mechanism

A

NE and Dopamine reuptake inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Timetable of postpartum depression and Tx

A

Onset > 4 wks after birth

Tx: SSRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Timetable of postpartum blues and Tx

A

Onset 2-3 days after birth
Resolutions: within 2 wks
Tx: Reassurance and monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Torticollis in schizophrenic taking a 1st gen antipsychotic

Dx? Tx?

A

Dx: Acute dystonia, extrapyramidal side-effect
Tx: Benztropine OR Diphenhydramine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Restlessness in a schizophrenic taking 1st gen antipsychotic

Dx? Tx?

A

Dx: Akathisia, extrapyramidal side effect
Tx: Benztropine, Beta blocker (propranolol), Benzo (lorazepam)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Rigidity and tremor in a schizophrenic taking 1st gen antipshychotic
Dx? Tx?

A

Dx: Parkinsonism, extrapyramidal side-effect
Tx: Benztropine, Amantadine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Discoordination of extremities and lip smaking in a schizophrenic taking 1st gen antipsychotic
Dx? Tx?

A

Dx: Tardive dyskinesia, extrapyramidal side-effect
Tx: Valbenazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Inability to recall personal information after a stressful event

A

Dissociative amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Severe periodontal infections. What is the immunodeficiecy?

A

Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Timetable of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

More than 6 months of persistent worry about multiple issues

75
Q

What antidepressant to use for a patient that has poor sleep and poor appetite?

A

Mirtazapine

76
Q

Treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

A

CBT and SSRI

77
Q

Somatic symptom disorder

A

Symptoms are unconcious, motivations are unconcious.

Variety of body complaints lasting months to years.

78
Q

Illness anxiety disorder

A

aka hypochondriasis

Excessive procuppation with having a serious illness

79
Q

Rare but fatal adverse effect of valproate

A

Hepatotoxicity

80
Q

What is the drug overdose:

Chest pain, seizures, mydriasis

A

Cocaine

81
Q

What is the drug overdose:

Dry mouth, conjunctival injuection

A

Marijuana

82
Q

What is the drug overdose:

Nystagmus

A

Phencyclidine (PCP)

83
Q

Parotid gland enlargement and hand abrasions.

Dx?

A

Bulimia Nervosa

84
Q

Timetable of dysthymia

A

Dysthymia = Persistent Depressive Dysorder (PDD)

More than 2 years of symptoms (at least 2 depressive symptoms), with no more than 2 months without depressive symptoms.

85
Q

What is the timetable of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

What is the shorter form of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

A

More than 6 months of restlessness, irritability, sleep disturbance, fatigue, muscle tension, difficulty concentrating.
If less than 6 months since end of a stressor, then it is called: Adjustment Disorder.

86
Q

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy is best for _______

A

Borderline personality disorder

87
Q

AST:ALT ratio in alcoholics

A

> 2:1

88
Q

1st line treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

CBT

SNRI or SSRI

89
Q

What psychiatric condition is propranolol used for?

A

Social anxiety disorder - performance subtype

90
Q

Most-likely antipsychotic medication to cause a side-effect of gynecomastia and glactorrhea.

A

Risperidone

91
Q

def Cataplexy. Dx?

A 
Cataplexy = brief loss of muscle tone when experiencing strong emotion
Dx = associated w/ Narcolepsy
92
Q

Pupils in seratonin syndrome

A

Pupils are dilated (mydriasis)

93
Q

Symptoms of Lithium toxicity (Acute and Chronic)

A 
Acute = GI symptoms (nausea vomiting diarrhea)
Chronic = Neurological symptoms (Confusion, Ataxia, Tremors/fasciculations)
94
Q

Do NOT mix the following drugs with lithium, because they can cause Lithium toxicity.

A
  • Thiazide diuretics
  • ACE inhibitors
  • NSAIDs (not aspirin)
  • Tetracyclines & Metronidazole
95
Q

Treatment for Benzodiazepine overdose

A

Flumazenil

96
Q

TCA overdose treatment and mechanism.

A

Sodium bicarbonate (stabalizes cardiac cell memb)

97
Q

Pramipexole mechanism, use, major side effect, treatment of the side effect.

A

Pramipexole = non-ergot dopamine receptor agonist
Used to treat Parkinsons
Side Effect = Hallucinations
Treatment of side effect = quetiapine/clozapine

98
Q

Type of dementia that is characterized by Apathy and Personality Changes.

A

Frontotemporal dementia

99
Q

Type of dementia associated with visual hallucinations.

A

Dementia with Lewy bodies

100
Q

Type of dementia associated with myoclonus or seizures.

A

Prion disease

101
Q

Type of dementia associated with ataxia and urinary incontinence

A

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

102
Q

Timetable of Postpartum Depression

A

Onset within 4-6 weeks

Lasting > 2 weeks

103
Q

Common side effects of methylphenidate

A

Decreased appetite
Weight loss
Insomnia

104
Q

Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms

A

Anxiety
Insomnia
Seizures
Psychosis

105
Q

Name an SSRI with short half life

and another SSRI with long half life

A

Short half life SSRI = Paroxetine

Long half life SSRI = Fluoxetine (4-6 days)

106
Q

Name benzodiazepines with short half lives and with long half lives

A

Short half life Benzo = Alprazolam, Lorazepam

Long half life Benzo = Diazepam

107
Q

What is the downside of using benzodiazepines with short half lives?

A

Benzodiazepins with short half lives have higher addictive potential and higher risk of withdrawal.

108
Q

How to manage benzo withdrawal.

A

Use long half life benzo (eg Diazepam) and taper gradually.

109
Q

How to treat benzo overdose. Side effect of treatment.

A

Flumazenil

Side effect = precipitate withdrawal

110
Q

Citalopram mechanism

A

SSRI

111
Q

Treatment of panic disorder

A

SSRI and CBT

112
Q

Treatment of agoraphobia

A

SSRI and CBT

113
Q

Delusional disorder criteria

A

1 or more delusion
1 month or longer
No other psychotic symptoms

114
Q

Abuse of what drug will cause mydriasis and psychosis.

A

Amphetamine

115
Q

What happens to pupils in TCA overdose?

A

Dilated pupils

116
Q

What is the most lethal side effect associated with TCA overdose? How to treat it and when?

A

Cardiac conduction delay - QRS prolongation
When QRS is longer than 100 msec then there is a higher risk of ventricular arrhythmia. Therefore, with QRS over 100 msec treat with sodium bicarbonate.

117
Q

Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

A

SSRI and CBT

118
Q

Aripiprazole drug class and mechanism

A

Atypical antipsychotic
Aripiprazole is a partial D2 agonist.
Unlike the other antipsychotics, which are D2 antagonists.

119
Q

Buproprion mechanism. What side effect profile makes Buproprion a good choice as an antidepressant?

A

Norepinephrine and Dopamine reuptake inhibitor.

Buproprion side effect profile does NOT include weight gain, and NO sexual side effects.

120
Q

Timetable of persistent depressive disorder (PDD) aka dysthymia.

A

> 2 years
No symptoms free period for > 2 months
2 or more SIGECAP symptoms, without meeting the criteria for major depression.

121
Q

Timetable for delusional disorder

A

1 or more delusions for 1 month or more

122
Q

Side effect of clozapine

A

Agranulocytosis, complete absence of neutrophils

123
Q

Treatment of nightmare is PTSD

A

Prazosin

124
Q

Treatment of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

A

Dantrolene or Bromocriptine

125
Q

Medications to avoid if taking Lithium, as they can induce lithium toxicity

A

Thiazides
ACE Inhibitors
NSAIDs
Tetracyclines, Metronidazole

126
Q

Symptoms of Lithium Toxicity

A

G (acute)I: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Chronic: Ataxia, Tremors, Fasciculations

127
Q

Treatment of Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome and mechanisme

A 
Bromocriptine = Dopamine agonist (also used in Parkinsons)
Dantrolene = Ryanodine receptor antagonist
128
Q

Severe depression with refusal to eat or drink. Tx?

A

Electroconvulsive therapy
(for emergency condition of pt refusing to eat/drink)
ECT also used for someone who is actively suicidal

129
Q

Diagnosis when patient meets symptoms of depression plus pt is having auditory hallucinations.

A

Dx = Major Depression with Psychotic Features.

130
Q

Mechanism of Aripiprazole

A

Atypical Antpsychotic that is both an antagonist, but also a partial agonist at D2 receptors.

131
Q
  • Normal Prolactin Range
  • Prolactin levels w/ medication related hyperprolactinemia
  • Prolactin levels due to Prolactinoma
A

Normal = 3-30
Medication (e.g. Risperidone) = 30-100
Prolactinoma = >200

132
Q

Immediate treatment of patients with mania and severe agitation

A

Antipsychotic medications

133
Q

Side-effect of lamotrigene

A

Stevens-Johnson rash

134
Q

First-line treatment for anorexia nervosa

A

Nutritional rehabilitation
and
Psychotherapy (CBT)

135
Q

Deliberate fabrication of symptoms in order to assume the sick role. Dx?

A

Factitious disorder

136
Q

Pt with psychotic symptoms and excoriations due to chronic skin picking. Dx?

A

Methamphetamine use disorder

137
Q

Antidepressant medication for smoking cessation. Rx? Mechanism of the drug?

A 
Buproprion = NDRI
Varenicline = Nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonist
138
Q

What is the favorable side effect profile of buproprion?

A
  • Buproprion does NOT cause sexual side effects
  • Helps with weight loss
  • Mild stimulant = increased wakefulness
139
Q

Nightmare with no recall of dream. Dx?

A

Sleep terror disorder

140
Q

Nightmare with recall of dream. Dx?

A

Nightmare disorder

141
Q

How long is an adequate antidepressant trial? And how long should you continue antidepressant if remission is achieved in the trial period?

A 
Trial = 4-6 weeks.
Continue = 6 months
142
Q

What is acute dystonia? Tx?

A

Acute dystonia is muscle stiffness such as torticolis, muscle spasm, and oculogyric .
Acute dystonia is an antipsychotic extrapyramidal side effect.
Tx = Bromocriptine and Diphenhydramine

143
Q

Bromocriptine mechanism

A

Dopamine agonist

144
Q

What is akathisia? Tx?

A

Akathisia is restlessness.
Akathisia is an antipsychotic extrapyramidal side effect.
Tx = Benztropine, Propranolol, Lorazepam

145
Q

Diphenhydramine mechanism.

A

H1 blocker

146
Q

Benztropine mechanism

A

Muscarinic antagonist

147
Q

What is drug-induced Parkinsonionism? Tx?

A

Drug-induced Parkinsonionism includes symptoms of tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia.
Drug-induced Parkinsoionism is an antypsychotic extrapyramidal side effect.
Tx = Benztropine, Amantadine

148
Q

Amantadine mechanism

A

Increases dopamine release and decreases dopamine reuptake

149
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia? Tx?

A

Tardive Dyskinesia is dyskinesia of mouth, face, trunk extremities.
It occur after more than 6 months of antypsychotic use as an extrapyramidal side effect.
Tx = Valbenazine

150
Q

Valbenazine mechanism

A

Reduction of dopamine release by inhibiting vesicle transport.

151
Q

Tx for Acute Bipolar Depression. (aka Major Depression in a patient that has a diagnosis of Bipolar)

A

Second gen antipsychotics: Quetiapine OR Lurasidone

OR anticonvulsant: Lamotrigine

152
Q

Tx for PTSD.

A
  • CBT
  • SSRI/SNRI
  • Prazosin for nightmares
153
Q

Paroxetine mechanism

A

SSRI

154
Q

Prazosin mechanism

A

alpha 1 blocker

155
Q

What test to perform if child has psychosis but also proteinuria and hematuria?

A

Test for antinuclear antibodies
BECAUSE child may have
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

156
Q

Mnemonic and list of findings in SLE

A 
RASH OR PAIN:
Rash (malar or discoid)
Arthritis
Serositis (pleuritis, pericarditis)
Hematologic disorders (cytopenias)
Oral/nasopharyngeal ulcers
Renal disease
Photosensitivity
Antinuclear antibodies
Immunologic disorder (anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, antiphospholipid)
Neurologic disorder (seizures, psychosis)
157
Q

The 6 Ps of Acute Intermitent Porphyria

A

Psychological disturbances
Polyneuropathy
Painful abdomen
Port-wine colored urine
Precipitated by drugs (cyt p450 inducers, alcohol) and starvation
Porphobilinogen deaminase (affected enzyme)

158
Q

What are the major risks for suicide. Mnemonic.

A 
SAD PERSONS
Sex
Age
Depression
Previous attempt
Ethanol abuse
Rational thought loss (psychosis)
Social support lacking
Organized plan
No spouse or significant other
Sickness or injury
159
Q

First line antidepressants.

A

SSRI
SNRI
Buproprion
Mirtazipine

160
Q

Wash out period if switching to MAOI

A

If using fluoxetine then washout period is 5 wks, because fluoxetine has a long half-life.
Other antidepressants have a 2 wk washout.

161
Q

Buproprion mechanism

A

Inhibit NE and D reuptake

162
Q

Mirtazipine mechanism

A

Alpha 2 antagonist, which increases release of NE and 5HT.

163
Q

Pt stares blankly, is mute, and motionless. If physician lift’s pt’s arm then the arm remains in the position. Dx? Tx?

A 
Dx = Catatonia
Tx = Benzodiazepine (lorazepam) OR ECT
164
Q

Drugs that induce lithium toxicity.

A 
Thiazide diuretics
ACE inhibitors
NSAIDs
Tetracyclines
Metronidazole
165
Q

1st line treatment of psychosis.

A

2nd gen antipsychotics (e.g Quetiapine)

166
Q

1st line treatment for Acute Stress Disorder

A

Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy. Educate the patient about symptoms, normalizing the stress response.

167
Q 
REM sleep disorder
vs
Nightmare disorder
vs
Sleep terror disorder
A

REM sleep disorder is associated with complex motor behaviors or vocalization during REM sleep.

Nightmare disorder is awakenings with sleep recall. Nightmare’s of nightmare disorder occur during REM sleep.

Sleep terror disorder is partial arousal with no dream recall. These occur during non-REM sleep.

168
Q

3 weeks after birth of child, female pt has depression and psychosis. Dx? Tx?

A 
Dx = Postpartum Psychosis
Tx = hospitalization --> antipsychotics, antidepressants, mood stabilizers
169
Q

Timetable of postpartum depression.

A

4-6 wks after birth of child

170
Q

Paroxetine drug class.

A

SSRI

171
Q

Brief psychotic disorder timetable.

A

More than 1 day.

Less than 1 month.

172
Q

Dementia associated with apathy.

A

Frontotemporal dementia

173
Q

Dementia associated with visual hallucinations.

A

Dementia with Lewy bodies

174
Q

Dementia associated with myoclonus

A

Prion disease (Creurtzfeldt-Jakob disease)

175
Q

What anti-depressants are more likely to cause antidepressant discontinuation syndrome?

A

Seratonergic medication with short elmination half-life:

Paroxetine and Venlafaxine

176
Q

Indications for hospitalization of anorexic pt.

A

BMI < 15
Vital sign abnormalities (Temp, BP, P)
Electrolyte abnormalities

177
Q

First and second line treatment for anorexia nervosa with BMI less than 18.5 but more than 15.

A

First line = CBT and nutritional rehab

Second line = olanzapine

178
Q

What is the MOST EFFECTIVE treatment for major depressive disorder.

A

The COMBINATION of antidepressant (eg SSRI) and psychotherapy is more effective than either alone.

179
Q

Most antidepressants should be discontinued 2 weeks before beginning MAOI to avoid _____________

A

Seratonin Syndrome

180
Q

Immediate management of mania

A

1st or 2nd gen antipsychotic

181
Q

What medications to use for individuals with alcohol use disorder who want to stop? Mechanism? When are these medications contraindicated?

A 
To decrease craving use:
Naltrexone (mu-opioid receptor antagonist)
- Contraindicated in opioid users
- Contraindicated in liver disease
Acamprostate (glutamate modulator)
- Contraindicated in renal disease
182
Q

How much time after last drink does delirium tremens begin?

A

48 - 96 hours

183
Q

Hallucinations in a patient whose last alcoholic drink was 12 hours ago. Dx? How long does it last?

A

Alcoholic hallucinosis.

Lasts 12 - 48 hours.

9 Psychiatry (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions