uworld Flashcards
main cause of zenker diverticulum
motor dysfunction
mucosal tear at the Gastroesophageal junction
mallory-Weiss tear
nonunion (bone dont grow back together) of fracture. pt had acute osteomyelitis 6 months ago and treated. pt has sinus tract with a persistently draining wound strongly suggests?
chornic osteomyelitis: xray shows fragmentation of the bone and ragged, irregular fracture lines. Question: Next best step: Immediate surgical debridement + ABX
tinea versicolor is the same as
malassezia globosa
what drug can you give >65 yo with acute delirium?
haloperidol
wrong answer: BENZO, memantine (used for alzh chronic dementia)
acute lymphoblastic leukemia is diagnosed via:
Pt can have: bone pain and lymphadenopathy
bone marrow biopsy:
> 25% lymphoblast
pt with BLUNT ABD TRAUMA, hypotension, right chest/abdominal wall injury and free intraperitoneal fluid. DX
HEPATIC LACERATION. one the most common solid organ injuries (along with splenic lacerations due to BAT).
young child with episodic inconsolable crying (lying with legs drawn to abdomen) thinking possible intussussception. Best next step
ultrasound-guided air contrast enema.
= procedure of choice for dx and tx.
pt complain of gait disturbance and constant sensation of objects moving around him. an abnormal HEAD THRUST test can help detect vestibular dysf due to?
gentamicin
what can cause BILATERAL trigeminal neuralgia (its usually unilat) and whats the cause?
MS
causes ** demyelination of the nucleus of the trig nerve or nerve roots.
most common cause of lobar hemorrhage in adults usually > 60
amyloid angiopathy.
pt on pallative care for cancer. has lumbar spine metastases = worsening low back pain. significant pain. ibuprofen isnt working anymore. next step for pain?
short-acting opioid
not: transdermal fentanyl patch.
intention tremor
cerebellar dysfunction
ct scan shows *numerous punctate hemorrhages with blurring of the gray-white interface.. pt was in MVA. diagnosis?
diffuse axonal injury
pt in status epilepticus. pt is given iv benzo to terminate sz. best next step?
start nonbenzo antiepileptic med to prevent sz recurrence (fosphenytoin, phenytoin, levetiracetam, valproate).
not monitor w/ continuous EEG
if you suspect MS. orderr?
MRI of brain and head
idiopathic pseudotumor cerebri. if untreated which complication is likely to develop?
blindness
trihexyphenidyl (anticholinergic) can be used to treat?
parkinsonism
cisplatin, taxanes (paclitaxel) and vinca alkaloids (vincristine) can cause chemo induced pripheraly neuropathy that presents as?
symmetric, distal sensory neuropathy that spreads in a stocking-glove pattern.
pt has myasthenia gravis. after ACH receptor AB confirmation. what should you get.
CT scan of chest
look for thymoma
pt with involuntary head turning and head fixation to one side. hypertrophied left SCM
dystonia
pt with lead toxicity. give?
calcium disodium EDTA
diabetic pt with CN3 palsy. ptosis down and out gaze, diplopia. but NORMAL pupillary response. cause?
nerve ISCHEMIC.
if it was blown (dilated) ( no pupillary response) = nerve compression.
kid with Henoch schonlein purpura is at increased risk of developing?
intussception
emergent tx of central retinal artery occlusion is done with
an ocular massage and high flow oxygen administration.
1 month old with VSD. most appropriate course of action
echocardiography
not reassurance, no further workup.
acute rheumatic fever. tx
penicillin.