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Uworld Step 2 > Uworld > Flashcards

Uworld Flashcards

1
Q

Fixed false belief against cultural norm

A

Delusion (grandiose; increased self importance) 4195

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2
Q

Pain in groin radiates to upper thigh

A

Osteoarthritis of hip 4564

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3
Q

Forceful abduction and external rotation of arm, nerve injury?

A

anterior shoulder dislocation (block bball shot), axillary nerve injury (deltoid, teres minor and lateral UE sensation) 4604

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4
Q

Newborn cyanosis aggrevated by feeding, relieved by crying

A

Choanal atresia 3872

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5
Q

Painless hematochezia

A

Meckel’s diverticulum 4838

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6
Q

Pregnancy hypertension

A

> 140 / >90
Before 20 wks - chronic hypertension
After 20 wks w/o end organ damage or proteinuria - gestational HTN
After 20 w/ end organ - preeclampsia

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7
Q

hypertension in pregnancy risks

A

superimposed preeclampsia, placental abruption, FGR, preterm labor, stillbirth

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8
Q

Normal skin at birth, gradual progression to dry scaly skin over extensor surfaces

A

Ichthyosis Vulgaris 2754

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9
Q

Sickle cell disease: Severe anemia Low retic count and no splenomegaly

A

Aplastic crisis (due to parvo B19 likely) 3838

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10
Q

Screening and confirmatory tests for lead

A

Capillary (screening), Venous (confirmatory) 4837

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11
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy maneuver worsening murmur?

A

Valsalva, abrupt standing and Nitro (all decrease preload)

Murmur is due to decreased LVOT 2691

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12
Q

Supp O2, COPD increase or decrease pCO2? How?

A

Increase, more v/q mismatch leading to more dead space, increase haldane effect, decrease respiratory drive
4718

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13
Q

Hip pain with chronic steriod use dx and imaging of choice

A 
Avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis) 
Xray typically normal, MRI better: 4565
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14
Q

Antihypertensive causing insulin resistence

A

Thiazide diuretic 4171

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15
Q

type 2 diabetic, AMS/polyuria/volume depletion

A

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) (no ketosis)

4289

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16
Q

Sensation innervation to cornea

A

Trigeminal nerve (CN V1) 4461

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17
Q

Addison disease metabolic abnormalities

A 
Primary adrenal insufficiency (decrease Mineralcortioid):
Hyponatremia (Most Common)
Hypokalemia
Hypercholermic acidosis (less common)
4420
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18
Q

upper gi bleed bun/cr ratio?

A

elevated, lower GI bleed not. 4303

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19
Q

CP most common risk factor

A

Prematurity 2443

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20
Q

Treatment of histoplasmosis

A

Itraconazole 4939

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21
Q

Aspirin intoxication acid/base disorder

A

Mixed respiratory alkalosis (increase resp drive) and AG metabolic acidosis 2820

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22
Q

Bipolar with euvolemic hyponatremia

A

Diabetes insipidus (taking lithium) 4425

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23
Q

Cysts in liver of person from mexico, job? Bug?

A

Sheep breeder, echinococcus granulosis (tapeworm) 3789

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24
Q

Child, fever, cough, conjunctivitis, rash, lesions in mouth

A

Measles (Cough, Coryza, Koplik spots, conjunctivitis) 2431

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25
Q

Tourette syndrome comorbidities

A

ADHD (60%), OCD (27%) 3760

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26
Q

Types of HIT

A

Type 1: 50% drop in 5-10 days, antibody mediated platelet activation 4316

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27
Q

young person, immobile mass on midline of hard palate

A

Torus palatinus, congenital defect 3427

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28
Q

thyroid nodule with increase uptake only in nodule, elevated T4/T3

A

Toxic adenoma 4318

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29
Q

vertigo 20 min to 24 hours, ear fullnuss, tinnitus, disease and 1st line treatment

A

Meniere’s disease, salt restriction 4376

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30
Q

Hypercalcemia in pt after car accident weeks later. Cause?

A

Immobilization: increased osteoclast activity 4309

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31
Q

most common predisposing factor for bacterial sinusitis

A

Upper respiratory viral infection 4850

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32
Q

Skin cancer of lower lip

A

Most common: Squamous cell 4319

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33
Q

Pt with dilated colon (with haustral markings), bloody diarrhea

A

Toxic megacolon 3834

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34
Q

STD screening for anyone 15-65?

A

HIV (p24 antigen and antibody testing) 10301

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35
Q

Sexually active, polyarticular arthyralgias (without vaginal discharge or other symptoms)

A

Gonococcal infection 3153

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36
Q

fever, arthralgias, uticarial rash after treated strep pharyngitis

A

Serum sickness 4584

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37
Q

teenager with nasal mass and epistaxis

A

angiofibroma 2640

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38
Q

rheumatoid arthirits predisposition for which nephrotic syndrome?

A

Amyloidosis 3997

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39
Q

Contraindication for use of succinylcholine (Metabolic abnormality)

A

Hyperkalemia 4428

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40
Q

Painless third trimester bleeding? 2 kinds

A

Placental and Vasa previa 2533

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41
Q

Concrete worker with knee pain

A

Prepatellar bursitis 11976

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42
Q

Chronic steroid abrupt stop, low or high ACTH, Cortisol, aldosterone

A

Low acth, low cortisol and normal aldosterone 4325

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43
Q

What other disorder can be confused with menopause?

A

Hyperthyroidism 4136

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44
Q

Most common cause of anemia of preterm infants? Reason?

A

Anemia of prematurity, decreased EPO. 3774

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45
Q

Kid with elevated HVA/VMA in urine. What kind of cancer, arise from what kind of cell?

A

Neuroblastoma, neural crest cells 3824

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46
Q

Infection of submandibular/sublingual glands?

A

Ludwigs Angina 3530

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47
Q

Myocardial profusion scans, dipyrimidole and adenosine do what?

A

Vasodilate coronary arteries: coronary steal if CAD is present 4054

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48
Q

Antibiotics for immunocompromised bacterial meningitis? Bugs?

A

Vancomycin, Cefepime, Ampicillin. 3245

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49
Q

Treatment for narcolepsy? Class?

A

Modafinil, stimulant

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50
Q

Complications of placental aburption

A

DIC and hypovolemic shock 2528

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51
Q

Bird breeder with dry cough, fever, malaise. Disease? Treatment?

A

Hypersensitive Pneumonitis. Avoid antigen (birds) 3016

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52
Q

Pneumonia with leukocytosis with mainly lymphocytes and lymphadenopathy, test for diagnosis

A

CLL, Flow cytometry 2887

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53
Q

SIADH, treatment if can’t treat underlying cause

A

Fluid restriction 2636

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54
Q

Indications for steroid use with PCP infection

A

PaO2 35 (3938)

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55
Q

Neurological features, self mutilation, gout in kid (dx and mechanism)

A

Lesch nyhan, HGPT deficency 3817

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56
Q

Heart failure in 35 yo with history of megacolon

A

Chaga’s disease (trypanosoma cruzi, protazoa) 3065

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57
Q

Bullae and skin redness after starting anticoagulation

A

Warfarin induced skin necrosis 2772

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58
Q

Reccurent cutaneous abscess and pulmonary abscess that grow staph, aspergillus, serratia, burkholderia. Disease, diagnostic tests?

A

Chronic granulomatous Disease (all organisms catalase positive). Nitroblue tetrazolium test or Dihydrorhodamine 123 test 4495

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59
Q

Acute monoarticular arthitis with chondrocalcinosis on Xray. Diagnosis of joint? Condition associated with that?

A

CPPD cyrstal deposition (pseudogout). Herediatary hemochromatosis. 2880

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60
Q

Infant, failure to thrive, poor feeding, bilateral cateracts, jaundice, hypoglycemia. Disease and mechanism?

A

Galactosemia, galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase deficiency 3193

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61
Q

Polyarticular arthritis, symmetrical. Non-specific rash. Around kids

A

Parvo B19 3172

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62
Q

Hypopigmented patch of skin, decreased sensation. Muscle atrophy. Dx?

A

Mycobacterium leprae 3425

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63
Q

Most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest immediately post infarction

A

Re-entrant ventricular tachycardia

4093

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64
Q

Manic episode, no history of depression. Dx?

A

Bipolar I 2510

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65
Q

Patient with suspected PE, next 3 steps.

A
  1. Stabilize (O2/fluids) 2.Anticoagulation (without contraindications) 3.Diagnostic test (CTA) 3717
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66
Q

Minor trauma, erythema, swelling, Pain out of proportion, fever/hypotension, crepitus

A

Nec fasc 2749

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67
Q

Fetus no movements felt and no pulses found on doppler, next steps

A

Ultrasound (absence of fetal movement and no cardiac activity = IUFD), Autopsy fetal parts and placenta 4775 and 4776

68
Q

Carpopedal spasms in patient with PE. Reason?

A

Increase of pH due to respiratory alkalosis causing increase of calcium bound to albumin (more H+ ions disociate from albumin) causing decreased levels of ionized Ca+2 (3099)

69
Q

Illicit drug cauing vertical nystagmus? Other clinical finding? Treatment for severe findings?

A

PCP, also causes disociative feelings, pyschosis, agitation, severe hypertension, hyperthermia. Benzos treat 2653

70
Q

Pelvic pain exacerbated by exercise

A

Endometriosis 2546

71
Q

Fragile X, genetic lesion?

A

Triplet repeat of CGG on FMR1 gene 2441

72
Q

Joint fluid of osteoarthritis? Xray findings

A

Appearance: Clear, WBC: 200-2000, PMNs: 25%, Gram stain: negative. Xray: Narrowing of joint space, osteophytes 3148

73
Q

Ventilator control. What controls oxygenation (PaO2) and what controls PaCO2?

A

PaO2: FiO2 and PEEP (adjust FiO2 first)
PaCO2: Pulmonary minute ventilation (RR and TV)
4536

74
Q

Rapidly progressive dementia and myoclonus

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 2990

75
Q

APGAR, score for resuscitation?

A

Appearance, Pulse (100), Grimace, Activity/tone, respiratory effort

76
Q

Next step. Pt with hypogonadism, gynecomastia, low testosterone, normal FSH/LH

A

Prolactin level then MRI if elevated

3595

77
Q

Palpable purpura, hematuria, abdominal pain. Pathogenesis

A

Henoch - Schonlein purpura. IgA mediatied leukocytoclastic vasculitis
3554

78
Q

Acromegaly, test of choice

A

IGF-1

4323

79
Q

Adduction of anterior foot, convex lateral border, concave medial border. Active and passive movement overcorrect into abduction. Dx? Tx?

A

Dx: Metatarsus Abductus
Tx: Reassurance (if motion can’t correct then orthosis or casts)
3684

80
Q

Chronic analgesic abuse, most common kind of nephropathy?

A

Chronic tubulointersitial nephritis and papillary necrosis

4007

81
Q

Schizoaffective vs Mood with psychosis

A

Schizoaffective: periods of hallucination without mood symptoms. Mood symptoms are majority of illness
3376

82
Q

Test to monitor DKA (two)

A

Beta hydroxybutaryate and Anion Gap

2189

83
Q

3 screening tests for all prenatal pregnant women

A

HIV, Syphillis, hep B

4530

84
Q

difference between benzo and alcohol/phenytoin overdose

A

Benzo does not have nystagmus

2664

85
Q

Fetal risk in preeclampsia

A

fetal growth restriction (small for gestational age, oligohydramnios) due to chronic placental insufficiency
12064

86
Q

Boy 4-10 with hip/knee pain, with antalgic gait

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (osteonecrosis of femoral head)

3404

87
Q

Herniated disc with BPH. Urinary retention without saddle anasthesia and anal sphincter intact. Why retention?

A

Inability to valsalva due to pain (BPH requires him to valsalva to urinate)
4615

88
Q

Tests for primary adrenal insuffiency (two step)

A

Plasma 8am cortisol levels and ACTH stimulation test (cosyntropin)
2174

89
Q

Bulging fontenelle, seizures, focal neuro signs, hypotension, bradycardia in an infant (specifically premee)

A

Intraventricular hemorrhage

3657

90
Q

Most likely cause for a non reactive nonstress test?

A

Fetal sleep cycle

12017

91
Q

First line treatment for chronic stable angina (med)

A

beta blocker

4127

92
Q

Pelvic pain with bladder filling and relieved by voiding. Also dysparuenia/urinary frequency/urgency are present

A

Intersitial cystitis

4807

93
Q

Prone to infection with lytic bone lesions

A 
Multiple Myeloma (plasma cell discryasia)
4466
94
Q

Nodular infiltration with cavitation in lung in person with HIV positive and IVDU

A

Tricuspid infective endocarditis causing septic emboli to lung (Staph Aureus)
4388

95
Q

Kid falls with toothbrush in mouth, stroke symptoms

A

Carotid artery dissection 4117

96
Q

INcrease sinopulmonary and gastrointestinal infection. Whats the problem?

A

X-linked agammaglobinemia –> abnormal b-cell maturation

2134

97
Q

Pulmonary edema, would oxygen reverse hypoxemia? lung compliance high, normal or low? A-a gradient high or normal?

A

Yes, low, high

2303

98
Q

Patient with headache, blurry vision, occasional falls. Vision gets worse when leaning forward. Dx?

A

Intracranial hypertension

4708

99
Q

Laxity in knee when forced abduction

A

MCL tear (Valgus stress test) 3569

100
Q

Triad of symptoms for arterial occulsion in bifurcation of aorta into the common iliacs

A

Bilateral hip, thigh and buttock claudication
Impotence
Symmetric atrophy of bilateral lower extremities
4508

101
Q 
Definitions for:
Threatened abortion
Incomplete abortion
Complete abortion
Inevitable abortion
A

Threatened: hemmorhage before 20 wks of live fetus, cervix closed, no fetal passage
Incomplete: Evacuation of some fetal tissue, cervix open
Complete: Whole fetus passes, cervix closes
Inevitable: Bleeding, open cervix. Dead fetus
4804

102
Q

Threatend abortion management?

A

Reassurance 4805

103
Q

Untreated hyperthyroid, long term consequences?

A

Osteoporosis - (increased osteoclast activity)
Cardiac tachyarrythymias
4307

104
Q

Side effects of tamoxifen

A

Hot flashes, VTE, endometrial hyperplasia

2606

105
Q

Definition and first step in primary amenorrhea workup

A

Absence menarche by 15 years old. Pelvic ultrasound 9566

106
Q

Pt with chronic renal failure with dx of PE. WHat kind of anticoagulation to use?

A

Unfractionated heparin bridging to warfarin (easy to monitor both)
4629

107
Q

Treatment for cancer related anorexia/cachexia syndrome

A

Progesterone analogue or steroids

2546

108
Q

Infant normal at birth, gradual apathy, hypotonia, large tongue, sluggish movements, abdominal bloating, umbilical hernia, dx?

A

Congenital hypothyroidism

3662

109
Q

Short term managment in severe hypercalcemia

A

Normal saline hydration

2633

110
Q

Progessive dyspnea on exertion, nocturnal cough, occasional hempotysis with acute a fib symptoms

A 
Mitral stenosis (due to rheumatic fever likely)
2701
111
Q

Step wise treatment of ascites (4 steps)

A
  1. Salt and water restriction
  2. Spironolactone
  3. Loop diuretic (
112
Q

Steps in treating DKA (4 steps)

A
  1. NS to replete intravascular volume
  2. Regular insulin (human) to reverse hyperglycemia
  3. Correct electrolyte abnormalities (especially K)
  4. Treat underlying cause (abx for infection)
    2184
113
Q

Most common site for ulnar nerve impingment

A

Elbow at medial epicondylar groove

4170

114
Q

Psychosis, tachycardia, agitation, combativeness, lasting several days

A

Bath salts intoxication

11815

115
Q

Uncal herniation, most likely cranial nerve compromised

A

Oculomotor (III)

4552

116
Q

Kid, head injury, loss of consciousness initially then had period of lucidity with progressive symptoms after that

A

Epidural hematoma

3297

117
Q

Blunt trauma to abdomen in kid –> duodenal hematoma. Tx?

A

NG suction and parenteral nutrition

3851

118
Q

Seizure with are adducted and internally rotated

A

Posterior shoulder dislocation

2372

119
Q

Management of caustic ingestion (after securing airway)

A

Upper GI Endoscopy

2377

120
Q

Signs of TCA overdose and antidote

A

Widened QRS, anticolinergics effects. Sodium bicarb for cardiotoxicity
4035

121
Q

Acute, unilateral lymphadenitis in kid. Bugs

A

Staph aureus/strep pyogenes

122
Q

HIV patient with subacute fever, headache, increased ICP

A

Cryptococcus meningitis 9885

123
Q

Young, obese woman with headache and vision changes and pulsatile tinnitus. MRI shows empty sella. Next step for diagnosis and what is dx?

A

LP with opening pressure. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
3162

124
Q

Nocardia treatment

A

Tmp/smx

4417

125
Q

Recurrent oral and genital ulcers. Die by thrombosis

A

Behcet syndrome

3815

126
Q

Anal fissure treatment

A

Topical lidocaine and nifedipine (vasodilator)

4111

127
Q

Diagnostic requirements for acute liver failure (3)

A

Severe acute liver injury (high ALT and AST)
Signs of hepatic encephalopathy
Synthetic liver dysfunction (INR >1.5)
2900

128
Q

Treatment of Myasthenic Crisis

A

Plasmapheresis or IVIG and corticosteroids

3727

129
Q

Subluxation of radial head treatment

A

(Nursemaids elbow) closed reduction, Hyperpronate arm

3416

130
Q

Other term for disease with cirrhosis, neuropsych symptoms, green brown deposits in eye

A 
Hepatolenticular degeneration (Wilson's disease)
2895
131
Q

Knee pain, X-ray expansile and eccentrically placed lytic lesions in epiphysis of distal femur

A

Giant cell tumor

2618

132
Q

Giant Cell Arteritis complications

A

Aortic dissection, blindness

4460

133
Q

Kallman syndrome karyotype

A

46 XX or 46 XY

3912

134
Q

Bedwetting is normal before age ___

A

5

2433

135
Q

Abnormal BPP and why

A

4 or less, fetal hypoxia, placental dysfunction

9985

136
Q

Absence Seizures comorbidities

A

ADHD, anxiety

2279

137
Q

Absolute Contraindications for combined hormonal contraception

A 
Migraine with aura
Cigarettes
Age >35
Htn
VTE
Stroke/heart disease
Breast cancer
Cirrhosis
Surgery
138
Q

Nitrates predominant mechanism for pain relief

A

Decrease preload

3945

139
Q

Most common nephrotic syndrome associated with carcinoma. And then with hodgkin lymphoma

A

Membranous nephropathy
Minimal change disease
3966

140
Q

Triad for wiskott aldrich syndrome and cellular defect?

A

Eczema, Microthrombocytopenia, recurrent infections
Cytoskeleton defect
4847

141
Q

Cryoglobinemia most common cause

A

Hep C

2958

142
Q

Multiple small bowel ulcers recurrent. Test of choice

A

Serum gastrin concentration (gastrinoma)

3591

143
Q

Older child intussupception, cause?

A

Meckel’s

2463

144
Q

Recurrent and migratory superficial thrombophlebitis (Trousseau’s syndrome) Associated with what?

A

Occult visceral malignancy

2624

145
Q

Nail puncture wound causing osteomyelitis. organism

A

Psuedomonas Aeruginosa

4257

146
Q

Hereditary Spherocytosis test

A

Acidfied glycerol lysis test
eosin-5-maleimide binding test
2870

147
Q

Common side effect of trastuzumab (HER2 positive breast cancer)

A

Cardiac toxicity

2608

148
Q

Bronchiolitis complications in infant

A

Apnea

3553

149
Q

Pulmonary complication of systemic sclerosis

A

interstitial fibrosis

4014

150
Q

Chronic diarrhea in AIDS patient with CD4

A

Cryptosporidium

3590

151
Q

Recommendations for screening for bladder cancer?

A

Don’t

4502

152
Q

Fever, jaundice, RUQ pain

Sign on ct scan?

A 
CBD dilation (acute cholangitis)
2978
153
Q

Kidney stones, hexagonal crystals, hereditary.

A

Cystinuria, defect in amino acid transporter

154
Q

Ipsilateral facial pain/temp loss, contralateral trunk/extremeties. vestibulocerebellar weakness, horner’s syndreom. where is stroke?

A

Lateral medullary infarct

4269

155
Q

Treatemtent of choice for hairy cell leukemia

A

Cladribine

2893

156
Q

Post traumatic, weakness and sensory loss in cape like distribution, with preserved vibration and light touch

A

Syringomyelia

4698

157
Q

Osteophyte formation in DIP and PIP joints

A

OA

11923

158
Q

Knee pain in adolescent male athlete. What is mechanism?

A

Traction apophysitis of tibial tubercle
(Osgood-Schlatter disease)
4849

159
Q

Adolescent with nephrotic syndrome and hepatitis b

A

Membranous nephropathy

160
Q

Tuberculosis causing endocrine disorder

A

Primary adrenal insufficiency

2817

161
Q

Hiv patient, altered mental status, ring enhancing lesion, ebv dna in csf

A

Primary cns lymphoma

162
Q

Tuberculosis causing endocrine disorder

A

Primary adrenal insufficiency

2817

163
Q

Abdominal pain with hip extension

A

“Psoas sign”, psoas abscess

164
Q

Pt with nephrotic syndrome now with gross hematuria and abd pain.

A

Renal vein thrombosis from loss of anti thrombin III, more commonly in membranous glomerulopathy
2243

165
Q

Start warfarin get skin necrosis, what is deficient?

A

Hereditary protein c deficiency 2658

Uworld Step 2 (1 decks)

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