UW - Neuro Incorrects Flashcards
Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphilis) clinical findings.
- Sensory ataxia 2/2 impaired vibration/proprioception
- Positive Romberg
- Lancinating pains
- Neurogenic urinary incontinence
- Argyll Robertson pupils (miotic, irregular, normal pupillary constriction with accomodation NOT with light)
Subacute Combined Degeneration (SCD).
Complication of long-standing Vit B12 deficiency p/w: 1) progressive symmetric polyneuropathy, 2) degeneration of dorsal columns (poor balance, positive Romberg), 3) degeneration of lateral corticospinal tracts (spastic paresis, hyperreflexia), 4) degeneration of spinocerebellar tracts (ataxia)
Who should we be concerned to have an epidural abscess?
IV drug user + back pain + w/ or w/o fever
Penetrating trauma, Falling with object in mouth (toothbrush or pencil), neck manipulation (e.g. yoga, sports) are all classic mechanism of what type of injury.
Internal carotid dissection or thrombus formation
Presentation of Internal carotid dissection.
Gradual-onset hemiplegia
Aphasia
Neck pain
Thunderclap HA
Hallmark of prolonged seizures.
Cortical laminar necrosis 2/2 excitatory cytotoxicity from recurrent seizures.
Classic cause of anterior spinal cord syndrome.
Thoracic aorta surgery can result in reduced blood flow through radicular arteries (artery of Adamkiewicz) that originate along the thoracic aorta to supply the anterior spinal artery.
Side effect of benzodiazepines in the elderly.
Cognitive impairment, fall risk increases, paradoxical agitation (often w/in 1hr of administration).
Secondary causes of restless legs syndrome.
Iron deficiency Pregnancy Uremia (CKD or ESRD) Diabetes mellitus Parkinson disease Multiple Sclerosis Antidepressants, Metoclopromide
Mesolimbic pathway
Antipsychotic efficacy
Nigrostriatial pathway
Extrapyramidal sxs: acute dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism
Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Hyperprolactinemia
Highly specific testing to diagnose with Myasthenia gravis.
Acetylcholine receptor antibodies. Tensilon test is used to support the diagnosis but it is LESS specific than antibody testing.
In brain death patient, what would still be functional?
Heart still beats.
Spine cord intact t/f still has DTRs.
Anterior cerebral artery stroke.
Contralateral motor and sensory deficits, which are pronounced in the LOWER limb, + urinary incontinence 2/2 damage to the cortical micturition center of the mesial frontal lobe.
