uveitis

Question 1

list 6 possible causes of uveitis

Answer 1

• infection - viral herpes
• fungus - histoplasmosis
• parasite - toxoplasmosis
• autoimmune disease
• trauma to eye
• idiopathic

Question 2

which 3 components of the eye are affected by uveitis and how

Answer 2

iris
ciliary body
choroid

are all inflamed

Question 3

which parts of the uvea can get affected by anterior uveitis and what are the 2 most common complications

Answer 3

the iris (iritis) or the ciliary body (iridocyclitis)

most common complications:

• raised IOP
• cataract

Question 4

which parts of the uvea are affected with intermediate uveitis and what is this called

Answer 4

pars plana (just behind the ciliary body) is affected and the peripheral retina

called pars planitis

Question 5

which part of the uvea is affected by posterior uveitis

Answer 5

the choroid (it can sometimes affect the retina)

Question 6

list the 8 symptoms of anterior uveitis

Answer 6

• painful red eye - mild to intense
• reading/tasks requiring focus can worsen pain
• blurry/cloudy vision
• small pupil
• iris can change colour
• photophobia
• floaters
• headaches

Question 7

list 2 symptoms of intermediate uveitis

Answer 7

• floaters

- blurred vision

Question 8

list 4 symptoms of posterior uveitis

Answer 8

• floaters
• blurred vision
• loss of peripheral vision
• flashes

Question 9

list 8 signs of anterior uveitis

Answer 9

• cells - leukocytes (WBC) in aqueous
• flare - protein from inflamed iris or ciliary body (gives aqueous a Smokey appearance)
• posterior synechae - iris adheres to lens capsule
• anterior synechae - iris adheres to peripheral cornea
• granulomatous nodules within iris stroma
• inflammatory by products accumulate in trabecular meshwork
• keratic precipitates on posterior cornea (from old episodes of uveitis)
• hypopyon

Question 10

what can cause a secondary uveitic glaucoma in anterior uveitis

Answer 10

the inflammatory by products that may accumulate in the trabecular meshwork which increases the IOP

Question 11

what is a sign of old episodes of eveitis in anterior uveitis

Answer 11

keratic precipitates

Question 12

list 4 signs of intermediate uveitis

Answer 12

• eye is white
• anterior segment is quiet (possibly slight flare, few cells, some KPs)
• cells aggregate to form snowballs over inferior peripheral retina = white plaque over pars plana and retina
• cystoid macula oedema in 25% of cases

Question 13

list 7 signs of posterior uveitis

Answer 13

• cystoid macular oedema
• retinal/disc neovascularization
• choroidal neovascular membrane
• disc swelling
• cataract
• epiretinal membranes
• retinal detachment

Question 14

which speed of referral is required for uveitis

Answer 14

emergency

Question 15

what are the 2 treatments for uveitis and why for each

Answer 15

• cycloplegia: reduces pain and chance of synechae

- topical steroids: reduces the inflammation