Uu Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the primary function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information.
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
What is the main role of RNA in the cell?
To act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins.
True or False: DNA is single-stranded.
False
True or False: RNA can be found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
True
What are the four bases of DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.
What are the four bases of RNA?
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine.
Fill in the blank: The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells is called ______.
Mitosis
What is the first stage of mitosis?
Prophase
List the stages of mitosis in order.
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
What occurs during metaphase in mitosis?
Chromosomes align at the cell’s equatorial plate.
What is the end result of meiosis?
Four genetically distinct haploid cells.
How many stages are there in meiosis?
Two stages: Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
What is crossing over and when does it occur?
The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.
True or False: Mitosis results in the production of gametes.
False
What is the purpose of meiosis?
To produce gametes for sexual reproduction.
Fill in the blank: The phase where sister chromatids are pulled apart is called ______.
Anaphase
In which phase of meiosis does independent assortment occur?
Metaphase I
What type of cell division is involved in growth and repair?
Mitosis
What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?
Diploid cells contain two sets of chromosomes, while haploid cells contain one set.
What is the role of spindle fibers during mitosis?
To help separate the chromosomes during cell division.
True or False: Both mitosis and meiosis involve DNA replication before division.
True
What is the significance of telophase in mitosis?
It marks the final stage of mitosis where the cell divides into two.
