UTS Flashcards
Philosophical perspective of Socrates
Virtue of self-knowledge
Soul - one true self
Body - what we own
Plato’s three elements of the psyche
Appetites or appetitive - man’s basic desires or needs
Aristotle’s view on the soul
Spirited soul or hot-blooded - person’s affective or emotional state
Mind or rational soul - directs or rules affairs
Body and soul are one
Three kinds of soul according to Aristotle
Physical - body that can grow
Sentinent - sensual desires, feelings, and emotions
Rational - makes man human
St. Augustine’s goal of life
To build a relationship with God
John Locke’s focus on
Memories and experiences
David Hume’s theory of the self
Bundle theory of the self
Immanuel Kant’s view on the self
Self is made up of physical impressions referring to the physical properties that individual has
Consciousness of self and knowledge of self
Gilbert Ryle’s perspective
Outer self
Inner self - physical senses to gain experience of the physical world
Paul Churchland’s approach in mature cognitive neuroscience
To study the human person, one should study his behavior because it is observable in a person
Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s focus on
Phenomenology perception
To understand the human means look into the physical brain because it is where biological processes happen
Abraham Maslow’s emphasis on the physical body
Physical body is an important part that makes up the subjective self
Self-actualization transcendence
Expanded hierarchy of needs
Carl Rogers’ belief in humanistic psychology
Believe that each of us can cope up with stress, control our lives, and achieve what we desire
William James’ methods to help a person develop a positive self-concept
Genuineness - being open with our feelings
Unconditional positive regard - accepting, valuing, and being positive towards another person
Empathy - listen, understand, be sensitive to others’ feelings
Functionalist perspective on society
All aspects of a society serve a purpose and are important for the long-term survival of the society
