Utilitarianism

Question 1

Franck’s Hutchinson

Answer 1

‘Greatest good for the greatest number’

Question 2

G.E Moore

Answer 2

Greatest balance of ideally good, maximising pleasure is too general

Question 3

Tannsjo

Answer 3

‘Condones killing of innocent if it will make he world a better place’

Question 4

Bernard Williams

Answer 4

Doing bad to prevent bad is worse

Question 5

Allan bloom

Answer 5

‘Most irrational of men’

Question 6

Trotsky

Answer 6

Something must always justify the end

Question 7

Mill

Answer 7

‘Better to be a human dissatisfied than a pig satisfied’

Question 8

Sidgwick utilitarianism

Answer 8

Criticised mills higher pleasures as they re hard to distinguish, discredits acting from laws. He stressed that when we judge an action to be right we ‘judges to be right for all similar person in similar circumstances’

Question 9

Popper utilitarianism

Answer 9

Negative- minimise suffering Over maximising pleasure, not hedonism. ‘No symmetry between suffering and happiness’

Question 10

Moore utilitarianism

Answer 10

Ideal- sole object is not maximising pleasure but highly regarding relationships, avoid good views on bad things and bad views on good things

Question 11

Singer utilitarianism

Answer 11

Preference- judge actions according to whether they fit in with preferences of individuals, best interest, ‘step in peoples shoes’

Question 12

Hare utilitarianism

Answer 12

Preference- argues for universalisation, applies to everyone. ‘Equal preferences count equally’

Question 13

Brandt utilitarianism

Answer 13

Preference- remove bias thought,

BUT influences are everywhere

Question 14

Aristotle

Answer 14

‘Utility is something impermanent as it hands according to circumstances’