utilitarianism

Question 1

normative

Answer 1

when it entails that some action, attitude or mental state of some other kind is justified, an action one ought to do or a state one ought to be in

Question 2

relativistic

Answer 2

claim that standards of truth, rationality, and ethical rights and wrong vary greatly between cultures and historical historical epochs and there are no universal criteria for adjudicating between them

Question 3

teleological

Answer 3

explanation by reference to some purpose, end, goal or function

Question 4

consequentialist

Answer 4

the doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely by its consequences

Question 5

principle of utility

Answer 5

promoting utility, defined in terms of pleasure is to be approved of and reducing utility is to be disapproved of

Question 6

agent neutrality

Answer 6

if and only if it gives every agent the exact same set of substantive aims.

Question 7

hedonic calculus

Answer 7

a method of working out the sum total of pleasure and pain produced by an act and thus the total value of its consequences

Question 8

utility

Answer 8

principle that actions are to be judged by their usefulness in this sense: their tendency to produce advantage pleasure or happiness

Question 9

instrisic

Question 10

hedonism

Answer 10

a theory of wellbeing- how well life is going for the person living that life