UTI/Fluoroquinolone

Question 1

6 drugs in fluoroquinolones

Answer 1

ciprofloxacin

ofloxacin

levofloxacin

moxifloxacin

gatifloxacin

gemifloxacin

Question 2

Fluoroquinolones: inhibits what two things?

Answer 2

DNA gyrase (main target)

Topo IV

Question 3

fluoroquinolones: MOA

Answer 3

inhibits DNA gyrase which prevents relaxation of supercoiled DNA that is required for normal transcription and replication.

Inhibition of Topo IV interferes with separation of replicated chromosomes to daughter cells

Question 4

fluoroquinolones: static or cidal

Answer 4

CIDAL

Question 5

fluoroquinolones: spectrium

Answer 5

aerobic G- rods, G+

Question 6

What is the exception on fluoroquinolones spectrum?

Answer 6

Moxi and gemifloxacin are effective against ANAEROBES

Question 7

Why are fluoroquinolones used in prostatitis? Are they DOFC

Answer 7

can penetrate dense prostate; therefore they are DOFC

Question 8

Cipro is used in what kind of prophylaxis?

Answer 8

anthrax (DOFC)

Question 9

Cipro is used in what type of infections?

Answer 9

systemic

UTI

P. aeruginosa (not DOFC)

Question 10

What drug is used in prostatitis?

Answer 10

Ofloxacin

Question 11

Which fluoroquinolones has ocular application only?

Answer 11

Gatifloxacin

Question 12

How is fluoroquinolones administered?

Answer 12

orally

do not take with vitamins/antacids

Question 13

fluoroquinolones: good or bad CNS penetration?

Answer 13

bad

Question 14

How can fluoroquinolone excretion be blocked? Why would you want to do this?

Answer 14

probenecid

so it increases retention, not excreted as quickly, and increased concentration in body

Question 15

fluoroquinolones: adverse effects?

Answer 15

GI disturbances

increase QT internval

Cartilage erosions

tendon rupture

photsensitivity

Question 16

Why do we not use fluoroquinolones in children

Answer 16

cartilage erosions

Question 17

Contraindications of fluoroquinolones

Answer 17

pregnant, nursing women and in children less than 18 years old

Question 18

Metronidazole: MOA

Answer 18

metronidazole metabolites are taken up into bacterial DNA and form unstable molecules

Question 19

Metronidazole: static or cidal

Answer 19

cidal

Question 20

Metronidazole is a _____ which means it is non-enzymatically reduced by reacting with reduced ferredoxin (only found in anaerobes)

Answer 20

prodrug

Question 21

Metronidazole: effective in what type of bacteria

Answer 21

ANAEROBES only

G+ and G-

Question 22

Metronidazole - used in what stomach bugs as part of a multi-drug regimen

Answer 22

H. pylori

Question 23

What is the NEW DOFC for c. diff?

Answer 23

oral vanco

THEN metronidazole

Question 24

How is Metronidazole administered?

Answer 24

oral, IV, topical

Question 25

Metronidazole: adverse reactions

Answer 25

disulfram-like reaction (do not use with alcohol)

digeusia (metabllic taste)