UTI Flashcards
Pyuria
WBC within urine
Hematuria
RBC within urine
Pollakiuria
Frequent urge to urinate
Polyuria
Urinates a large amount
Stranguria/dysuria
difficulty, straining to urinate
Why do UTI’s develop?
Breach in host defense mechanisms that results in multiplication and persistence of a virulent organism
Demographic of animals affected with UTIs?
Female dogs more likely (cats less likely and it’s usually older cats with concurrent disease)
Host defenses against UTIs
Normal micturition Anatomic structures Mucosal defense Properties of urine Systemic immunocompetence
What are anatomic structures that help against UTIs?
urethral peristalsis
renal blood flow
ureteral vescicular valves
Mucosal defenses against UTIs?
antibiotic properties, Ab production, surface GAGs
Properties of urine to prevent against UTIs?
pH, hyperosmolarity, organic acids, defensins
Clinical signs of UTI
Variable but can include stranguria/dysuria, abdominal/kidney pain, pollakuria
external parts in question might be angry looking in appearance
Signs associated with lower UTI
stranguria, pollakiuria with gross hematuria at the end of micturition
CBC: normal
Urine: pyuria, hematuria, proteinuria, bactiuria
Signs associated with upper UTI
PU/PD, signs of systemic infection
CBC: +/-leukocytosis
Urine: pyuria, hematuria, proteinuria, bactiuria, granular casts
Best method to collect urine
cystocentesis (followed by catheterization (sterile prep) and voiding)
