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PSBIM 2023 Nephro > UTI > Flashcards

UTI Flashcards

1
Q

Symptomatic infection of the bladder

A

Cystitis

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2
Q

Symptomatic infection of the kidneys

A

Pyelonephritis

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3
Q

Acute cystitis or pyelonephritis in nonpregnant outpatient women without anatomic abnormalities or instrumentation of the urinary tract

A

Uncomplicated UTI

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4
Q

Independent risk factors for acute cystitis

A

Recent use of a diaphragm with spermicide
Frequent sexual intercourse
History of UTI

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5
Q

Factors independently associated with pyelonephritis in young healthy women

A

Frequent sexual intercourse
A new sexual partner
a UTI in the previous 12 months
Maternal history of UTI
Diabetes
Incontinence

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6
Q

Independent risk factors for recurrent UTI

A

Frequent sexual intercourse
Use of spermicide
A new sexual partner
A first UTI before15 years of age
Maternal history of UTI

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7
Q

Major risk factors for recurrent UTI in post menopausal women

A

History of premenopausal UTI
Anatomic factors affecting bladder emptying such as cystoceles, urinary incontinence, and residual urine

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8
Q

Main feature distinguishing cystitis from pyelonephritis

A

Fever

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9
Q

A severe form of pyelonephritis that is associated with the production of gas in renal and perinephric tissues and occurs almost exclusively in diabetic patients

A

Emphysematous pyelonephritis

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10
Q

Occurs when chronic urinary obstruction (often by staghorn calculi), together with chronic infection, leads to suppurative destruction of renal tissue

A

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

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11
Q

Diagnostic gold standard for UTI

A

detection of bacteria in a urine culture

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12
Q

Microbiologic criterion in women with cystitis

A

> =10^2 bacteria/mL

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13
Q

Microbiologic criterion in men with cystitis

A

> =10^3 bacteria/mL

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14
Q

Microbiologic criterion for ASB (including in urinary catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria

A

> =10^5 bacterial CFU/mL of urine

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15
Q

Definition of collateral damage

A

refers to the adverse ecologic effects of antimicrobial therapy, including killing of the normal flora and selection of drug resistant organisms

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16
Q

Drugs in UTI that have minimal effect on fecal flora

A

Pivmecillinam
Fosfomycin
Nitrofurantoin

17
Q

Antibiotics for the treatment of UTI that are considered safe for pregnancy

A

Nitrofurantoin
Ampicillin
Cephalosporins

18
Q

The accepted threshold for bacteriuria to meet the definition of CAUTI

A

> =10^3 CFU/mL of urine

19
Q

Threshold of bacteriuria to meet the definition in a catheterized specimen

A

> =10^5 CFU/mL

20
Q

First line regimen for Candida infections of the urinary tract

A

Fluconazole (200-400 mg/d) for 7-14 days

21
Q

Patients with candiduria who are high risk for disseminated disease

A

Neutropenic patients
Undergoing urologic manipulation
Clinically unstable
Low-birth-weight infants

PSBIM 2023 Nephro (8 decks)

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