Uterus Flashcards
What does the presence of plasma cells (B cells) indicate on an EMB and what is the frequency?
Chronic endometritis, present in 10% biopsies done for AUB
When does implantation occur?
5-7 days after ovulation
What are the 3 cytokines expressed by the endometrium during implantation?
CSF-1, IL-1, LIF
What does the blastocyst express during implantation?
Heparin binding EGF (HB-EGF)
What are integrins?
Cell surface receptors involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix binding
Integrin expression is temporally related to implantation
What the important integrins found during implantation?
alpha-5, beta-6 integrin
What happens to NK cell concentration during implantation?
Increases
Define AUB?
Menstrual flow outside of normal volume (80cc), duration (5d), regularity or frequency (q21-35d)
What is Reeds Syndrome?
- Rare inherited condition characterized by multiple cutaneous leiomyomas and, in women, uterine leiomyomas.
- Predisposes for renal cell cancer, an association denominated hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer
- Increased risk of uterine leiomyosarcoma
What is the most common cause of AUB?
Fibroids
What is the mechanism of growth of fibroids?
TGF-β dysregulation
Describe the onset of menses
Instead of vascular events, the new model of the initiation of menstruation is an enzymatic autodigestion of the functional layer of the endometrium and its subsurface capillary plexus
Describe cessation events of menses
Coagulation mechanisms, local vasoconstriction, and re-epithelialization -> homeostasis
What are the embryological origins of the kidneys?
Metanephric
What are the embryological origins of the Wolffian ducts?
Mesonephric
What are the embryological origins of the Mullerian ducts?
Paramesonephric
What is the most common uterine anomaly associated with RPL?
Septum
When is canalization of the vagina complete?
22 weeks gestation
Starts around 18 weeks gestation
Which is the uterine anomaly associated with poorest reproductive outcome?
Septum
What is the risk of pregnancy loss associated with a uterine septum?
LBR after getting it fixed? PTD? IUFD?
65% risk of pregnancy loss
LBR - 80%
PTD - 5%
IUFD - 15%