Utban Enviroments Flashcards
Define Urban area
A built up area/town/city
Define Urbanisation
An increasing percentage of people living in an Urban area
Define Suburbanisation
The movement of people to the edge of cities causing them to expand
Define Counterurbanisation
The movement of people away from urban to rural areas
Define A mega city
A city with a population of over 10 million
Define Informal economy
Unregulated jobs that don’t pay taxes
Define buissness parks
An area of offices on the edge of the city
Define Science parks
Areas dedicated to science and research on the edge of a city
Define industrial estate
Factories grouped together on main transport connections
Define congestion
Excess veichals leading to slower speeds on roads
What are 3 characteristics of a greenfield site
- has never been built on
- generally cheaper land
- on mostly the rural - urban fringe
What are 3 characteristics of a brownfield site
- has been previously built on
- generally more expensive
- often in urban areas
What are 3 disadvantages of Urbanisation
- congestion
- transport
- finding employment
- environmental issues
- crime rates
What are 3 causes of growth in urban land use
~ Rural to Urban migration : people moving from rural to urban areas looking for employment
~ Multiplier effect : an increase of population means an increase in demand for services means more job opportunities means more migration
~ Nataraul Increase : when the birth rates exceed the death rates
~ Economies of scale : when it’s cheaper to provide infustructufe and services to densely populated areas leading to an increase in size
Why are the rates of urbanisation higher in some areas compared to others
- development occurs faster in some areas
-HIC’s attract more grants from rural areas - Some places with less young might have lower birth rates
- some countries are already developed
