USPSTF A&B Flashcards
FM shelf
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) screening in men? When? Category?
B
- 65 - 75yrs
- ever smoked
- 1x screen for AAA w/ US
Aspirin preventive medication? Age group? Category?
B
- initiate low-dose aspirin for CVD and colorectal cancer prevention.
- 50 - 59 years:
1) a 10% or greater 10-year cardiovascular risk,
2) are not at increased risk for bleeding,
3) have a life expectancy of at least 10 years,
4) and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years.
Aspirin preventive medication is for which demographic? Category?
B
- 50 to 59 years w/:
1) a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk,
2) are not at increased risk for bleeding,
3) have a life expectancy of at least 10 years,
4) and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years.
Bacteriuria screening in pregnant women? When? Category?
A
- screen with urine culture in preggo women:
1) 12 to 16 wks gestation or
2) at the first prenatal visit
High BP screening in adults? Category?
A
- 18+
- Dx confirmation need high BP reading at home b4 starting tx.
- Dx also needs 2 consecutive high BPs reading, separated by 2 weeks
BRCA risk assessment and genetic counseling/testing? Category?
B
- PCPs screen women w/ FHx of breast, ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer
- (+) screened women get genetic counseling and BRCA testing if needed.
Breast cancer (BC) preventive medications? Category?
B
- women at incr risk for BC, should be informed by clinician about Rx (tamoxifen and raloxifene) that can reduce their risk.
- women with incr risk for BC AND low risk for adverse Rx rxn, should be offered risk-reducing Rx,
Breast cancer screening? Category?
B
- 50 yrs every 2 years with mammography (w/ or w/o breast exam)
- (ACOOG) 40 and older
Breastfeeding interventions? Category?
B
- During pregnancy and after birth, educate and give support to breastfeeding.
Cervical cancer screening? Category?
A
1) 21 q 3 pap smears (cervical cytology)
2) 30 - 65 years, can lengthen screening to every 5 years if do pap smears with HPV testing (high-risk HPV - hrHPV)
3) Stop testing at 65, if had 3 consecutive (-) pap smears.
Chlamydia screening in women? Category?
B
- sexually active 24 years or younger
- older women @ high risk
Colorectal cancer screening? When to start/stop? Category?
A
- 50 - 75 years
- q 10 years w/ colonoscopy
- q 5 years flex sigmoidscopy
- q 3 years flex sigmoidoscopy + fecal occult blood test
- q 1 fecal occult blood test
Dental caries prevention? Category?
B
- put fluoride varnish baby teeth once they show up
- at 6 month, prescribe oral fluoride supplementation starting if water supply is fluoride deficient.
Dental caries prevention is for which demographic?
infants and children up to age 5 years
Depression (major depressive disorder) screening in adolescents? Category?
B
- 12 - 18 years
- Screening should be implemented with adequate systems in place to ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and appropriate follow-up.
Depression screening in adults? Category?
B
- all adults, including pregnant and postpartum women.
- Screening should be implemented with adequate systems in place to ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and appropriate follow-up.
Diabetes screening? Category?
B
- 40 - 70
- overweight or obese w/ abnormal blood glucose
- part of CVD risk assessment.
- Refer to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity.
Falls prevention in older adults? Category?
B
- 65+
- exercise interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling who are at increased risk for falls.
Folic acid supplementation? Category?
A
- all women planning/capable of pregnancy
- daily supplement 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 µg) of folic acid.
Gestational diabetes mellitus screening? When? Category?
B
- all preggo after 24 weeks of gestation.
Gonorrhea prophylactic medication in newborns? Category?
A
- all newborns
- prophylactic ocular topical medication to prevent gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum.
Gonorrhea screening in women? Category?
B
- sexually active women 24 years or younger
- older women @ high risk
Healthy diet and physical activity counseling to prevent CVD in adults with high CVD risk factors? Category?
B
- overweight/obese adults w/ CVD risk factors
- refer to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for CVD prevention.
Hemoglobinopathies screening in newborns? Category?
A
- sickle cell screen in all newborns.
Hepatitis B screening in nonpregnant adolescents and adults? Category?
B
- screen in persons @ high risk
Hepatitis B screening in pregnant women? Category?
A
- all preggo women at 1st prenatal visit.
Hepatitis C virus infection screening in adults? Category?
B
- screen in persons @ high risk
- 1x screen adults born between 1945 and 1965.
Aside from high risk adults, who else should be screened for HCV?
Adults born between 1945 - 1965 ( 54 - 74 yrs)
HIV screening in nonpregnant adolescents and adults? Category?
A
- 15 - 65 yrs
- Younger OR older folks @ high risk
HIV screening in pregnant women? Category?
A
- all preggo
- all unknown HIV preggo women in labor (first time appearance)
Hypothyroidism screening in newborns? Category?
A
- all newborns.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) screening in women of reproductive age? Category?
B
- all reproductive age women
- (+) screen refer to support services.
Lung cancer screening? Category?
B
- 55 - 80 yrs
- 30 pack-year smoking hx
- AND currently smoke OR quit w/in 15 yrs
- q 1yr with low-dose CT scan (computed tomography)
- No screen if quit smoking > 15 years OR develops a health problem limiiting life expectancy or the ability/willingness to have curative lung surgery.
Obesity screening and counseling in adults? Category?
B
- BMI of 30 or higher (kg/m2)
- refer to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions.
Obesity screening in children and adolescents? Category?
B
- 6+ yrs
- offer/refer comprehensive, intensive behavioral interventions to promote improvements in weight status.
Osteoporosis screening in postmenopausal women < 65 yrs w/ increased risk of osteoporosis? Category?
B
- postmenopausal women < 65 years w/ inc risk of osteoporosis
- Screen for osteoporosis with bone measurement testing (DEXA) to prevent osteoporotic fractures.
Osteoporosis screening in women 65 years and older? Category?
B
- 65+ yrs
- screen w/ bone measurement testing (DEXA scan) to prevent osteoporotic fractures.
Perinatal depression: counseling and interventions? Category?
B
- pregnant and postpartum persons @ high risk
- refer/offer counseling interventions.
Phenylketonuria screening in newborns? Category?
B
- all newborns.
Preeclampsia prevention w/ aspirin? Category?
B
- after 12 wks of gestation, women @ high risk
- low-dose aspirin (81 mg/d) as preventive medication
After which gestation (wks) is aspirin given in high risk preeclampsia pregnancies? At what dose?
- After 12 wks
- Low dose aspirin (81 mg/d)
Preeclampsia screening? Category?
B
- all preggo monitor BP throughout pregnancy.
Rh incompatibility screening during first pregnancy visit? Category?
A
- all preggo during 1st visit
- Rh (D) blood typing and antibody testing
Rh incompatibility screening @ 24–28 weeks’ gestation? Category?
B
- 24 - 28 wks gestation
- repeat RhD antibody testing for all unsensitized RhD (-) women unless the biological father is RhD (-)
What did they mean by unsensitized Rh (D)-negative women?
- women who are RhD (-) who are still haven’t been exposed to RhD.
- Most women become sensitized during childbirth, when their blood mixes with the RhD (+) blood of their babies.
Who should get STI counseling? Category?
B
- ALL sexually active adolescents and adults @ high risk
- recommends intensive behavioral counseling
Skin cancer behavioral counseling? Category?
B
- 6 months - 24 years
- fair skin
- minimizing exposure to UV radiation to reduce their risk of skin cancer.
- counsel young adults, adolescents, children, and parents of young children
Who is the statin preventive medication recommendations for? Category?
B
- 40–75 years
- no Hx of CVD hx (no symptomatic CAD or ischemic stroke) but w/ ALL:
- 1+ CVD risk factors (dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, or smoking, etc.), AND
- calculated 10-year CVD event risk of 10% +
- Identification of dyslipidemia and calculation of 10-year CVD event risk requires universal lipids screening in adults ages 40 to 75 years.
Statin preventive medication? Category?
B
- 40 - 75 yrs
- no Hx of CVD hx
- 1+ CVD risk factor AND 10-year CVD event risk of 10% +
- use a low- to moderate-dose statin for the prevention of CVD events and mortality
Syphilis screening in nonpregnant persons? Category?
A
- all persons @ high risk
Syphilis screening in pregnant women? Category?
A
- all preggo, early screening
Tobacco use counseling and interventions in nonpregnant adults? Category?
A
- ask all adults about tobacco use
- advise smoking cessation
- provide behavioral interventions and FDA–approved pharmacotherapy for cessation to adults who use tobacco.
Tobacco use counseling in pregnant women? Category?
A
- all preggo women counsel on smoking cessation
- provide behavioral interventions for cessation to
Tobacco use interventions in kids and adolescents? Category?
B
- PREVENT INITIATION of tobacco use in school-aged children and adolescents.
- provide interventions, including education or brief counseling
TB screening in adults ? Category?
B
- latent TB infection in populations @ high risk
Unhealthy alcohol use: adults? Category?
B
- 18 yrs +, including preggo
- risky hazardous drinkers provide brief behavioral counseling interventions to reduce unhealthy alcohol use
Vision screening in children ? Category?
B
- 3 - 5 yrs
- 1x screen to detect amblyopia (lazy eye) or its risk factors (Bilateral astigmatism and bilateral hyperopia - according to journal but not in recommendation)
In adults 50 - 59 years, low dose aspirin is being used as a primary prevention of what?
CVD and colorectal cancer
Which recommendations are class A?
- Bacteria screening in preggo
- BP screening in adults 18 and older
- Cervical cancer screening
- Folic acid supplementation
- Gonorrhea prophylaxis in newborns
- Sickle cell screening (hemoglobinopathies)
- HBV screening in preggo
- HIV screening in preggo and non preggo adults and adolescents
- HypoTH screening in newborns
- Rh incompatibility screening 1st pregnancy
- Syphilis screening in preggo and non preggo pple
- Smoking intervention and counseling in non preggo pple and preggo pple
