Usmle Micro Step Deck Flashcards
What removes short fragments of RNA base paired to DNA template
DNA polymerase I
HPV virus can affect what structure in larynx
true vocal cord
What white blood cells involved in mononucleosis (you would see these reactive on a slide)? List an enzyme they have.
NK T cell
perforin
What antibodies are developed in HBV vaccine, what implications of immunity does this have?
HbSAb –>HbSAg normally needed to enter hepatocytes, no entry = no infectivity
Reassortment
- ->what viruses capable of this
- ->shift or drift
orthomyxovirus, rotavirus, reo, bunya
segmented viruses capable
genetic shift
hydatid cyst + surgery
How can patient die
what organism
what are hosts
If cyst ruptured can lead to anaphylactic shock
Echinococcus (worm)
sheep, dog
What acute phase reactant can help you differentiate a bacterial vs viral source of infection
Procalcitonin (high if bacterial, low if viral)
Bacterial vaginitis
- ->what is organism
- ->possible treatments
- ->how to test for it
gardnerella
metro or clindamycin
KOH (clue cells), positive whiff test, thin grey discharge
In a chemotherapy patient (or patient with a hematologic malignancy, what complication are you perhaps worried about the most
Febrile neutropenia
- ->extemely low neutrophils can result in severe infection from otherwise benign organism (such as candida from normal flora –> candidemia)
- ->even common sore throat is dangerous!
Can a low T cell count lead to candidemia
No, only superficial candidal infections will result from this
Candidemia is a result from low neutrophils
polypoidal lesions, spindle cell + bloody diarrhea in an HIV patient
kaposi sarcoma
vaccine to tetanus works by making antibodies to what
the toxin (NOT THE ACTUAL BACTERIA, the toxin is what causes disease)
tinnitis… what antibiotic do you think of first for side effect profile
aminoglycoside
what type of antibiotic has synergistic effect with aminoglycoside
beta lactams
what is MOA of olseltamivir
blocks neuraminidase; no virion release
how do majority of bacteria pass down genes for antibiotic resistance
plasmids
what antibiotics result in weak peptidoglycan cell wall (3)
PCN, cephalosproins, vancomycin
rifampin: what enzyme and what process in DNA synthesis does it effect
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
transcription
branching tubular cells describes what
mold
what temp do most dimorphic fungus become yeast
at human body temp 35-37 ; note that candida is yeast in cold not heat
Leukemia or lymphoma treatment what mycoses?
aspergillus
what fungus grows at 90 degree angle?
mucormycosis
what fungus grows at 45 degree
aspergillosis
what type of aspirgillus infection is likely with a history of either TB/emphysema/sarcoid
colonizing aspirgillosis
