Using resources

Question 1

State properties and examples of finite resources

Answer 1

They are being used up at a faster rate than they are being replenished
They will run out if current rate continues
Oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear energy, fossil fuels
They are exhaustible

Question 2

State properties and examples of infinite resources

Answer 2

Can be replaced at the same rate as they are being used
Wont run out and can be replenished
Solar, wind, tidal/wave, geothermal, biomass, waves and currents.
Inexhaustible

Question 3

What are earths resourced used to provide? 4 things

Answer 3

Warmth - burning fossil fuels
Shelter - construction with materials
Food- livestock and farming
Transport- extraction of ore for technology

Question 4

Natural resources and resources from agriculture provide…

Answer 4

Timber, food, clothing, and fuels

Question 5

What does synthetic mean?

Answer 5

Designed by scientists in a laboratory to replace the actual product being exhausted. This is artificial

Question 6

Define the term sustainability.

Answer 6

Using resources in the present in a way which doesn’t compromise future generations

Question 7

How is ethane made

Answer 7

By fermenting sugarcane

Question 8

Finite resources from the Earth, oceans and atmosphere are processed to provide..

Answer 8

Energy and materials

Question 9

Plastics are made by what..

Answer 9

Éthene which is made from crude oil. However, it can also be obtained from ethanol, produced by fermentation of sugarcane.

Question 10

What does LCA’s stand for?

Answer 10

Life cycle assessments

Question 11

What are LCA’s?

Answer 11

These are carried out to assess the environmental impact of products

Question 12

What are the 4 stages to a life cycle assessment?

Answer 12

Extraction and processing raw materials
Manufacturing and packaging
Use and operation during lifetime
Disposal

Question 13

What are the inputs considered to making a product?

Answer 13

The cost of raw materials
Extraction of the materials
Energy required

Question 14

What are the outputs considered when making a product?

Answer 14

Atmospheric pollutants
Water waste
Solid waste and other wastes

Question 15

What strategy reduces the use of limited resources?

Answer 15

Reduce, reuse recycle.

Question 16

How does the phrase ‘reduce, reuse recycle’ decrease the use of limited resources?

Answer 16

It reduces energy stores being used, reduces waste in landfills and reduces environmental impacts.

Question 17

What are limited raw materials used to make?

Answer 17

Glass, metal, building materials, plastics, and clay ceramics

Question 18

How can metals be recycled?

Answer 18

By melting and recasting/ reforming

Question 19

How are glass products reused?

Answer 19

They are crushed and melted down to make different glass products.
.

Question 20

What happens to products that are not reused?

Answer 20

They are recycled.

Question 21

State 5 issues with extracting metals,

Answer 21

Extracting uses fossil fuels
Smelting releases harmful gases into the atmosphere
Cleaning areas to obtain ores harms ecosystems
Opencast mining moves mountains
Ores are exhaustible

Question 22

State 3 examples of more reactive metals found in rocks as compounds.

Answer 22

Zinc, iron, copper

Question 23

State 3 disadvantages to extracting copper

Answer 23

It is finite
It is being used too quickly
Methods of extraction can be energy intensive, expensive and polluting

Question 24

How is pure copper metal obtained?

Answer 24

Smelting the copper ore up to very high temperatures produces impure copper. This is then mixed with a sulphate solution and is used in electrolysis to extract pure copper metal.

Question 25

What is Phytomining

Answer 25

Extracting ores via plants

Question 26

State how the process of Phytomining occurs.

Answer 26

Plants that absorb metal compounds through their roots are planted in areas of suspected amounts of ore, they are then left to grow and are harvested. Once harvested, they are burnt and the metal is extracted via industrial processes.

Question 27

What is bioleaching?

Answer 27

Bacteria is used to extract metal

Question 28

What is the process of bioleaching?

Answer 28

Bacteria converts copper compounds within ores into a solution. These copper compound solutions are known as the leachate and can be separated using electrolysis or displacement reactions to form copper metal.