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Chemistry > Using resources > Flashcards

Using resources Flashcards

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1
Q

Finite

A

A resource we use faster that it can be replaced

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2
Q

Renewable

A

A resource which can be replaced faster than we use it up

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3
Q

Filtration

A

A process which can separate solids like grit and leaves from water.

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4
Q

Sterilization

A

A process which kills bacteria and viruses

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5
Q

Potable

A

Safe for drinking

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6
Q

Pollutants

A

Chemicals which may be harmful to living organisms. Not naturally found in the water supply.

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7
Q

conservation

A

the preservation or protection of natural resources; the use of less of a resource to make the supply last longer.

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8
Q

Non-renewable resource

A

a resource that, once used, cannot be replaced within a human lifetime.

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9
Q

pollution

A

any change to the natural environment that can harm living things.

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10
Q

reduce

A

to reduce or lessen the amount of waste you create.

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11
Q

reuse

A

to use something again that would usually be thrown away such as plastic bags from the grocery store.

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12
Q

recycle

A

turning waste into reusable materials such as plastic or metal

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13
Q

What is meant by a natural resource?

A

something we use for a purpose that comes from nature

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14
Q

What is pure water?

A

contains only water molecules (boils at exactly 100’C)

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15
Q

Describe stages in making water potable?

A
  1. fresh water obtained from reservoirs/lakes
  2. pass water through filtration beds - insoluble solids removed
  3. sterilisation (bacteria killed by using UV, chlorine or ozone)
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16
Q

Describe how drinking water can obtained from salt water (brine)

A

by distillation
heat to 100’C so water turns to a vapour
Condense the water vapour back to a liquid using cold water in a condenser

17
Q

State the stages in treating sewage water (4)

A

Sewage treatment includes:
* screening and grit removal
* sedimentation to produce sewage sludge and effluent
* anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge
* aerobic biological treatment of effluent.

18
Q

How does phytoming extract copper?

A

plants (plants take up copper in the soil, plants are burnt, ash contains the copper) electrolysis used to obtain copper from ash

19
Q

How does bioleaching extract copper

A

bacteria ingests copper compounds and makes leachates that contain copper. Electrolysis is used to obtain copper from leachate

20
Q

What 4 stages need to be considered in Life Cycle Assessments

A

extraction, manufacture, use, disposal

21
Q

What are the Advantages of recycling materials

A

conserves raw materials
conserves fossil fuels
saves energy

22
Q

What are the advantages of mining/quarrying materials

A

Creates jobs
Brings money into the community

23
Q

What are the Disadvantages of mining/quarrying materials?

A

mining or quarrying scars the landscape
destroys mining habitats
Use fossil fuels
Noise pollution
Air pollution

24
Q

Why is potable water not the same as pure water?

A

It contains other dissolved substances

25
Q

resources

A

materials found in the earth that people need and value

26
Q

sustainable

A

able to meet the current demand for a resource without depleting the future supply

27
Q

groundwater

A

water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers

28
Q

desalination

A

the removal of salt from seawater to make it usable for drinking and farming

29
Q

reverse osmosis

A

A technique for purifying water by forcing it through a semipermeable membrane.

30
Q

purification

A

the act of cleaning by getting rid of impurities

31
Q

organic waste

A

waste material from living organisms eg sewage or manure

32
Q

chemical waste

A

hazardous waste that is usually a byproduct of industrial processes

33
Q

metal ore

A

Rocks containing metal compounds which can be used as a source of the metal.

34
Q

phytomining

A

The process of extraction of metals from ores using plants

35
Q

bioleaching

A

Using bacteria to extract metals from their ores.

36
Q

life cycle assessment

A

analysis of environmental impacts of products from the design stage through end-of-life

Chemistry (7 decks)

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