Using prefixes and suffixes Flashcards
________ are groups of letters that are added to the start of words to change their meaning.
Prefixes
un- and in- usually mean ‘not’. For example:
unhappy
unlocked
intolerant
incapable
dis- and mis- usually have negative meanings. For example:
disagree
disobey
misbehave
mislead
re- usually means ‘again’ or ‘back’. For example:
redo
reappear
redecorate
sub- usually means ‘under’. For example:
subheading
submarine
_______words are the basic words that are used to form other words. Root words haven’t had any prefixes or suffixes added to them yet.
Root
When the root word begins with an ‘l’, the prefix in- changes to il-. For example:
il + legal = illegal
When the root word begins with an ‘r,’ the prefix in- changes to ir-. For example:
ir + regular = irregular
When the root word begins with an ‘m’ or a ‘p’, the prefix in- changes to im-. For example:
im + possible = impossible
Where do we use prefixes?
at the start of a word
What does the prefix ‘un-‘ mean?
not
Which prefix could be added to the word -able?
un
Which prefix could be added to the word -place?
mis
Which prefix could be added to the word -appear?
dis
Which prefix could be added to the word -write?
re to make it rewrite
Which prefix could be added to the word -allow?
dis
Which prefix could be added to the word -happy?
un
A _________ is a letter or group of letters that goes on the end of a word and changes the word’s meaning.
suffix
While adding -ed can put a verb into the past tense. For example:
jump → _________
jump → jumped
Adding -ing can change a noun into a verb. For example:
garden → __________
garden → gardening
Rule 1: For words ending in two consonants, just add the suffix to the root word. For example:
smart + er = __________
smart + er = smarter
Rule 2: For words that end in a short vowel sound followed by a consonant, you need to double the last letter then add the suffix. For example:
mop + ed = ___________
mop + ed = mopped
Rule 3: For words ending in a consonant followed by an ’e’, you need to drop the ‘e’ before you add the suffix. For example:
stride + ing = __________
stride + ing = striding
Rule 4: For words that end in a consonant and a ‘y’, change the ‘y’ to an ‘i’ and then add the suffix. For example:
cry + ed = __________
cry + ed = cried
What are the vowels?
Vowels are the letters a, e, i, o and u.
What are the consonants?
Consonants are all the other letters apart from the 5 vowels.
What are root words?
Root words are the basic words that are used to form other words. They haven’t had prefixes or suffixes added to them yet.
Where does a suffix go?
at the end of a word
Which suffix changes a word to the past tense?
ed
To change a noun into a verb, you add which suffix?
ing
What rule do we use when changing ‘drop’ to the past tense?
double the last letter and add ed
