Uses and cracking of crude oil

Question 1

Why is crude oils used as a fuel?

Answer 1

The oil provide fuel for most minders transport. Diesel oil, kerosene, heavy fuel oil and LPG ( liquid petroleum gas) all come from crude oil.

Question 2

What are the hydrocarbons from crude oil used for ?

Answer 2

The petrochemical industry uses some of the hydrocarbons from crude oil as a feedstock to make new compounds for use in thinks like polymers, solvents, lubricants and detergents.

Question 3

What are all the products you get from crude oil examples of ?

Answer 3

They are all example of organic compounds. (compounds containing carbon atoms)

Question 4

What is the reason you get a large products ?

Answer 4

You get such a veritey of things because carbon atoms can bond together to form different groups called the homologous series.

Question 5

What do the group in the homologous series contain ?

Answer 5

They contain similar compound with may propeties in common.

Question 6

What are example of different homologous series ?

Answer 6

Alkanes, alkanes and other families.

Question 7

What is cracking ?

Answer 7

Splitting up long-chain hydrocarbons

Question 8

Why are Short- chain hydrocarbons better for making fuels than long-chain hydrocarbons?

Answer 8

Short-chain hydrocarbons are flammable so they make good fuels and are in high demand. However, Long chain hydrocarbons form thick gloopy liquids like tar

Question 9

What happens to the longer alkane molecules produced from fractional distillation?

Answer 9

They are turned into smaller, more useful i’ve by a process called cracking.

Question 10

Aswell as alkanes, cracking also produces another type of hydrocarbon. What hydrocarbon is this ?

Answer 10

Alkenes

Question 11

What are alkenes used for ?

Answer 11

Alkenes are used as a staring material when making lots of other compounds and can be used to make polymers.

Question 12

What is the process of the thermal decomposition reaction ( breaking molecules down by heating them ) known as cracking ?

Answer 12

1) Heat the long- chain hydrocarbons to vaporise them ( turn them into a gas)

2) Then the vapour is passed over a hot powdered aluminium oxide catalyst.

3) The
long chain molecules spilt apart on the surface of the specks of catalyst - this is catalytic cracking.

Question 13

What is the process of steam cracking ?

Answer 13

Vaporise the hydrocarbons, mix them with steam and then heat them to a very high temperature.