usefel terminology trauma and orthopaedics

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

movement away from the body

Question 2

Active motion

Answer 2

movement towards the midline of the body

Question 3

Adduction

Answer 3

movement towards the midline of the body

Question 4

Ankylosis

Answer 4

abnormal immobility or stiffness of a joint caused by fibrous or bony tissue bridging the joint space

Question 5

Arthrodesis

Answer 5

surgical stiffening or fusion of a joint

Question 6

Arthrogram

Answer 6

X-ray procedure to outline a joint surface

Question 7

Arthropathy

Answer 7

a general term used to refer to any joint disease

Question 8

Arthroplasty

Answer 8

surgical remodelling of a joint

Question 9

Arthroscopy

Answer 9

a technique of looking inside a joint through an arthroscope

Question 10

Atrophy

Answer 10

is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body

Question 11

Avulsion

Answer 11

Tearing away. A nerve can be avulsed by an injury, as can part of a bone

Question 12

Benign

Answer 12

a benign tumour does not extend beyond its tissue of origin

Question 13

Bone grafting

Answer 13

an operation by which tissue is transplanted from one site in the body to another bone

Question 14

Chondroma

Answer 14

a benign tumour of the cartilage

Question 15

Chrondrosaroma

Answer 15

a malignant tumour of the cartilage

Question 16

Compound fracture

Answer 16

where there is a wound on the skin surface leading to the site of the fracture

Question 17

Haematoma

Answer 17

a swelling containing blood

Question 18

hallux

Answer 18

big toe

Question 19

Hallux valgus

Answer 19

a bunion – the big toe (the hallux) is bent outward (valgus) so it overlaps the 2nd toe

Question 20

Hemiplegia

Answer 20

paralysis to the one side of the body

Question 21

Idiopathic

Answer 21

means “cause unknown”

Question 22

Internal fixation

Answer 22

fixation of the bones by means of open reduction and insertion of a metal component

Question 23

Internal rotation

Answer 23

turning the anterior surface of the limb inward or medially

Question 24

Inversion

Answer 24

turning of the foot inwards

Question 25

Kyphosis

Answer 25

Outward curvature of the spine, causing a humped back

Question 26

Laminectomy

Answer 26

A surgical procedure in which the posterior arch of a vertebra is removed. Laminectomy is done to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or on the nerve roots that emerge from the spinal canal

Question 27

Lordosis

Answer 27

an exaggeration of the lumbar curve

Question 28

Mal union

Answer 28

fracture that has healing in an unsatisfactory position

Question 29

Malignant

Answer 29

a tumour extending beyond the tissue of origin

Question 30

Meniscus

Answer 30

a semi lunar cartilage

Question 31

Menisectomy

Answer 31

excision of the meniscus or cartilage

Question 32

Myelitis

Answer 32

inflammation of the spinal cord

Question 33

Myopathy

Answer 33

general term used to refer to any disease of the muscle

Question 34

Scoliosis

Answer 34

lateral curvature of the spine

Question 35

Sinus

Answer 35

A tract or fistula leading to a cavity which may be filled with pus

Question 36

Spinal fusion

Answer 36

operation of fusing two or more vertebral segments in order to eliminate motion between them

Question 37

Spondylitis

Answer 37

Inflammation of one or more of the vertebrae of the spine

Question 38

Supination

Answer 38

turning the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces upwards

Question 39

Tenotomy

Answer 39

surgical cutting of a tendon

Question 40

Tetraplegia

Answer 40

paralysis of all four limbs

Question 41

Valgus

Answer 41

the bone beyond a joint is directed away from the mid line

Question 42

Varus

Answer 42

bone directed towards the mid line