Use of Force - Model

Question 1

__________ Threat refers to an impending violent act or resistance that an officer reasonably believes will occur, based on the totality of the circumstances.

Answer 1

“Imminent threat”

Question 2

The level of force necessary to compel compliance by a subject displaying Aggressive Resistance, which is neither likely nor intended to cause death.

Answer 2

Intermediate Force

Question 3

Levels of Force

Answer 3

Levels of Control are broad categories of influence and or force in identifiable, escalating stages of intensity. They are identified as low level force, intermediate force, and deadly force

Question 4

Low Level

Answer 4

Low level force is the level of force that is necessary to interact with a subject that is compliant or displaying Passive or Active Resistance

Question 5

force is the level of force required to compel compliance, which is not intended to, and is not known to create a substantial risk of causing death or serious bodily harm

Answer 5

Non Deadly Force

Question 6

Officers may use reasonable force:

1. To protect themselves;
2. To protect others;
3. To affect a lawful detention;
4. To affect a lawful arrest;
5. To conduct a lawful search.

Answer 6

Reasonable Force - Officer May Use ..

Question 7

An officer-involved shooting is an officer’s discharge of a firearm at a person, with or without physical injury or the death of the person.

Answer 7

Officer Involved Shooting

Question 8

A person contacted by an officer who acknowledges direction or lawful orders given and offers no passive/active, aggressive, or aggravated aggressive resistance.

Answer 8

A. Compliant

Question 9

The subject is not complying with an officer’s commands and is uncooperative, but is taking only minimal physical action to prevent an officer from placing the subject in custody and taking control. Examples include: standing stationary and not moving upon lawful direction, falling limply and refusing to use their own power to move (becoming “dead weight”), holding onto a fixed object, or locking arms to another during a protest or demonstration.

Answer 9

B. Passive Resistant

Question 10

The subject’s verbal or physical actions are intended to prevent an officer from placing the subject in custody and taking control, but are not directed at harming the officer. Examples include: walking or running away, breaking the officer’s grip.

Answer 10

C. Active Resistant

Question 11

The subject displays the intent to harm the officer, themselves or another person and prevent an officer from placing the subject in custody and taking control. The aggression may manifest itself through a subject taking a fighting stance, punching, kicking, striking, attacks with weapons or other actions which present an imminent threat of physical harm to the officer or another.

Answer 11

D. Aggressive Resistance

Question 12

The subject’s actions are likely to result in death or serious bodily harm to the officer, themselves or another. These actions may include a firearm, use of blunt or bladed weapon, and extreme physical force

Answer 12

E. Aggravated Aggressive Resistance

Question 13

Ability Definition :

Answer 13

Ability exists when a person has the means or capability to cause grave injury, serious bodily harm or death to an officer or another. This may include, but is not limited to the following: the suspect’s physical ability, size, age, strength, gender, combative skill, level of aggression, and any weapons in their immediate control.

Question 14

Opportunity - Opportunity exists

Answer 14

exists when a person is in a position to effectively resist an officer’s control or to use force or violence upon the officer or another. Examples which may affect opportunity include: relative distance to the officer or others, and physical barriers between the subject and the officer.

Question 15

Imminent Jeopardy -

Answer 15

Based upon all the facts and a circumstance confronting the officer, the officer reasonably believes the subject poses an imminent threat to the life of the officer(s) or other third parties and the officer must act immediately to prevent death or serious bodily injury.

Question 16

Preclusion

Answer 16

All other lesser alternatives have been reasonably considered and exhausted prior to the use of deadly force, to include disengagement. Deadly force in response to the subject’s actions must remain reasonable while based upon the totality of the circumstances known to the officer at the time force was applied.