Use Conventions of standard english Flashcards
Homophones
Words that sound the same, but have different meanings
Homographs
Words that are spelled the same, but have different meanings and may be pronounced differently
Plural
More than one item
Context
Surrounding words or ideas within a sentence or passage that affect the meaning of a word and influence how it is understood
What are the different Parts of speech
adjective, adverb, conjunction, interjection, noun, preposition, pronoun, and verb
What is spelling rule #1
“i” before “e” except “c”
What is the rule for Drop the final “e”
Drop the last “E” when you add a suffix to a vowel
What is the exception to “drop the final ‘e’”
Keep the “e” when you add a suffix that starts with a consonant
What is the rule for Double the final consonant?
Need to double the final consonant before adding a suffix that begins with a vowel if the final syllable is stressed
What is the exception for double the final consonant?
if the final syllable is not stressed, no need to double the final consonant
What is the Change final y to an i rule
If the word ends with a “y” and need to add a suffix that starts with a vowel, change the “y” to an “i”
What is the exception for change final y to an I?
If you need to add a suffix that begins with a consonant, don’t change the y
What is the second exception to change y to an i?
Do not change “y” to an “i” if the suffix begins with an “i”
What is the rule for plurals typically>
Add an “s”
What is the plurals rule for words that end in s, x, z, ch, or sh
Add “-es”
Oxford comma
Used before the word “and” in a list of three or more items
When do we place a comma in a compound sentence?
Before a conjunction
When do we place a comma in an introductory phrase or clause?
After the introductory phrase
When do you place a comma in a dependent or nonessential elements that interrupt the main clause of a sentence?
Before and after the dependent clause
When do we place commas in two or more coordinate adjectives that describe the same noun?
Between the coordinate adjectives
Independent Clause
a phrase that can stand alone as a sentence
Dependent clause
a phrase that CAN’T stand alone as a sentence and must be attached to an independent clause
What is a simple sentence?
One independent clause and NO dependent clauses
What is a compound sentence?
Two or more independent clauses and NO dependent clauses
What is a complex sentence?
One independent clause and at least one dependent clause
End mark
punctuation marks that are placed at the end of an sentence
What is a period used for
Used to end declarative sentence/statement
What is a question mark used for>
To end an interrogative sentence
What is an exclamation point used for
To end an exclamatory sentence
Clause
group of related words that contains a subject and a verb
What are the two main types of clauses?
Independent and dependent
Phrase
group of related words that does not contain a subject or a verb
What are the parts of speech
Verbs, noun, pronoun, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections
Verb
words that express action or state of being
Noun
Represent people, places things, or ideas
Pronouns
Take place of nouns
Adjectives
Describe or modify nouns and pronouns
Prepositions
words that show relationships between other words in a sentence
Conjunctions
Words that join words, phrases, or clauses
What are the common prepositions?
Before, since, inside, after
Interjections
words that express emotion
Where are interjections placed?
At the beginning of sentence
Subject
noun or pronoun doing the verb
Predicate
sentence or clause that modifies the subject. It can either a verb or verb phrase
Modifiers
words, phrases, or clauses that provide additional info about subject
Complement
Describe that are needed to complete the meaning of a sentence
Direct object
noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb
Indirect object:
the noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb indirectly
