Use and Abuuse Of Drugs Flashcards
Drug
An externally administered substance which modifies or affects chemical reactoons in the body
Depressants
Slow down the transmission of nerve impulses e.g. alcohol
Stinulants
Speed up the transmission of nerve impulses e.g. caffine, nicotine
Pain killer
Supress the part of the brain rwsponsible for sense of pain and block transmission of pain
Narcotics
Produce a sense of euphoria or well being often associated with drug dependance e.g. heroin
Defination of drug in medical profession
Refer to a medicine that can cure or arrest diseases, relive symptoms,ease pain and provide other benifits to the bodyl
Penicillin
- extraxted from blue green mojld called penicillium
- used as treatment for bacterial infections as it can stop the growth of bacteria without damging the tissues
Aspirin
- pain killer
- reduces fever,inflammation
- blcoks transmission of pain signals from brain to the spinal cord
- DRAWBACK: irritation to stomach walls
- for under 12 years not recommended as causes fatal liver and brain damage
Drug abuse
Refers to those substances upon which a person may become dependant
Drug addiction
Imprecise term covering anything from intense habitual cravings for caddine and nicotine to physical and psycologival dependance on more potent drugs such as heroin
Drug dependance
Compulsive use of drug rssulting in physical and psycological dependance.
Physical dependance
Body adapts to a drug and increases its tolerance to the drugs effects. This leads to larger and uncontrolled doeses pf the drug to achieve the originaleffect. Has sever withdrawal suptoms if not taken.
Psycological dependnce
Involves intense mental cravings for a drug if a drug is unavailable or withdrawn
Short term affects of ALCOHOL
- feeling of relaxation and well being
- CNS deprressant, reducing anxiety, tensions and inhibitions
- dilates small blood vessels, particulary those in skin leading to flushing and feeling of warmth
Signs and symptoms of alocholo short tern
- Slirrsd speech
- Nausea and vomiiting
- Uncoordinated mkvemnt of muscles so cant walk properly.
- slowding down body reaction time as slows down transmission of neve kmoulses involved int wacting to emergency situatio . More rusk of accidents
- Voilent and agressive behabious
- Loss of conciousdness if alcojol lebel continue to rise
- Perskns comcentration and judgemnt are jmpaired
- double vision and loss of balance
Long term affdcts of excessive ALCOHOL intake
a) comsuminf alovholo to the pont where they are physically and lsyvologically dependant on it
b) physical withdrawl symptooms like nausea, vomitting, shaking , abdominal pain, ceamps, redness and enlarged blood vessels. Dicontinyation can cause shaking, hallucinations and ocassionaly fatal convulsions
-Alcholoics eating habits and usually is there is risk of nutritional deficiency and becomeb overweight easily
- excessive alcohol drinking can depress the part of the brain which is controlling breathing causes in coma and death
- they can also developed a range of diseases such as a
* liver damage from the liver cells Dyeing process
*cirrhosis from the liver cells becoming replaced by fibrous tissues
* stomach ulcers as alcohol irritates the stomach causing it to produce gastric juices which destroy the lining of the stomach
* can cause the coronary heart diseases and high blood pressure * in addition to the health problem
-may experience a range of social and personal and occupational problems
c) alcohol interacts with a wide variety of drug alcohol taken with any other with depressants drug of abuse particularly in narcotics or solvent can lead to coma and may be fatal
when it is taken with Aspirin it can cause increase the risk of bleeding from the stomach particularly in people have had stomsch ulcer
d) drinking during pregnancy can cause foetal abnormality and poor physical and mental development of Infant it can also lead to mental retardation and low birth weight and miscarriage.
Effects of HEROIN
- withdrawl symptooms : sweating , shivering, vommitting, dirrohea,fitss and coma
- no access to sterile needles and share syringe and needke as a resukt high risk of infectiknd diseases transmitted by blood e.g. AIDS
- associated with a host of social problems such as crime, unempolyemnt, personal and family problems
What is the human skeletein
It is endoskeleton, internal skeleton composed of bone and cartilage which are formed by living cells
