USCP Flashcards
learning theory argue that the set of behaviors of an individual
ENCULTURATION AND SOCIALIZATION
The process by which an individual is oriented and taught by his or her society’s norm.
Socialization
The process by which an individual adapts the behavior patterns of the culture in which he or she belongs
Enculturation
the process by which individuals in society become differentiated from one another.
Individuation
Consists of the roles and statuses that individual learns as a child.
Primary Identity
Includes roles and statuses that are achieved such as occupation, educational background, economic status and gender.
Secondary Identity
Promotes the argument that individuals learn a set of skills of social roles from their society.
Role learning theory
Promotes the idea that individuals construct their notion of the self through social interactions performed within a society.
Theory on Symbolic Interactionism
a principle of right action binding upon the members of a group and serving to guide, control, or regulate proper and acceptable behavior
Norms
Refers to all those ideas held in society that are considered good, acceptable, and right.
Cultural Values
Includes variety of actions that constitute acceptable or expected behavior drawn from customs and conventions.
Folkways
Include behaviors that are considered acceptable relation to religious practices.
Mores
Are behaviors that are obviously forbidden in a specific culture.
Examples: cannibalism, incest
Taboos
Consist of rules and regulations that are implemented by the state, making them prime source of social control.
Laws
Is an act of submitting oneself to the norms of the society.
Pressure to behave in ways that are viewed acceptable or appropriate by a group of people in a society
CONFORMITY
a standard or pattern, especially of social behavior, that is typical or expected of a group
NORMS
submit to group pressure to fit in; afraid of being rejected; involves compliance.
NORMATIVE
publicly changes behaviour to fit in while privately disagreeing; conforming to majority
COMPLIANCE
when a person is lacking knowledge, and looks for socially behaviour group guidance; compares their with the group;
INFORMATIONAL
occurs when we change our behavior because we want to be like another person
INTERNALIZATION
where a person conforms to impress or gain favour/acceptance from the group;
INGRATIATION
conform to the expectations of a social role; similar to compliance, but the does not have to be a change in private opinion.
IDENTIFICATION
Behavior that some people in society find which excites, if it offensive and were disapproval, condemnation, discovered, punishment, or hostility.
DEVIANCE
behavior that in some way does not meet with the expectations of a group
SOCIOLOGIST
who is considered as the father of sociology explains that deviance is necessary in society.
Emile Durkheim
According to this theory, people deviate from societal because of inability to norms their reach goals cultural through legitimate means.
STRAIN THEORY
noted that not all members of a culture were always given equal opportunities to attain the ideal goals and as a result people experienced stress
ROBERT K. MERTON
Person cultural rejects a certain goal, but still continues to act conventionally to project a level of dignity
RITUALISM
Follows the process of pursuing a person’s goal through traditional means like education and hard work.
CONFORMITY
The individual is similar to being apathetic. Acceptance of their current situation is evident by not doing anything to change or improve it.
RETREATISM
Is the use of non-traditional way or approach to reach a socially acceptable goal
INNOVATION
An individual rejects both the cultural goal and the traditional way of reaching it.
REBELLION
respect and acknowledgement of an individual person, a human being.
HUMAN DIGNITY
refer to acts that humiliate or diminish the self-worth of a person or a group
HUMILIATION
acts that degrade the value of human beings
DEGRADATION
This aspect refers to treating a person as an instrument or as means to achieve some other goal.
OBJECTIFICATION
describing or treating people as animals or as a lower type of human beings
DEHUMANIZATION
Are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people, according to some legal system
RIGHTS
are natural rights of all human beings whatever their nationality, religion, ethnicity, sex, language and color
HUMAN RIGHTS
Sometimes called a declaration of rights or a charter of rights, is a list of the most important rights to the citizens of a country.
BILL OF RIGHTS
Rights inherent to man and given to him by God as a human being.
Natural Rights
Rights provided by the law making body of a country or by law.
Statutory Rights
Rights guaranteed under the fundamental charter of the country.
Constitutional Rights
Rights enjoyed by an individual by virtue of his citizenship in a state or community.
Civil Rights
Intended to ensure the well-being & economic security of an individual
Social & Economic
rights an individual enjoys as a consequence of being a member of body politics
Political Rights
Intended for the protection of a person accused of any crime.
Rights of the Accused
The sum of those conditions of social life which allow social groups and their individual members, relatively thorough and ready access to their own fulfillment.
COMMON GOOD
it is a government policy that gives all citizens equal access to public services, funds, democratic rights and the ability to represent in the government.
INCLUSIVE CITIZENSHIP
the membership or member of a person in a country other than as perscribed by law.
CITIZENSHIP
aims to remove segregation from the social structure so that you have equal social rights despite your colour or cultural background, religious affiliation, gender, creed, etc…(basically all the tenets of the human rights code).
Inclusive citizenship
