usage-based

Question 1

outline tomasello

Answer 1

• focus on inter-connectedness of language development with intentional reading and pattern finding
• social constructivism = human development is socially situated, knowledge is constructed through interaction with others

Question 2

what is intentional reading

Answer 2

• when language is spoken, child understands meaning and intentions around them from language gestures being used
• e.g. children identify words communicating most meaning and use these in holophrastic stage

Question 3

what is pattern finding

Answer 3

• on reaching two-word stage, child can understand the effect of particular word pairing and patterns (e.g. more + noun), developing grammatical accuracy

Question 4

outline Ibbotson

Answer 4

• believed instead of picking up single words and then learning to combine them according to pre-programmed set of abstract grammar rules, children pick up constructions which they are then able to adapt

Question 5

what are constructions

Answer 5

• chunks of language (such as slot and frame constructions)

Question 6

what are slot and frames

Answer 6

• constructions with a reliable pattern which can be adapted using different terms
• e.g. where’s (mummy/teddy/daddy), it’s a (book/dog/sweet)

Question 7

which approaches link to usage-based

Answer 7

• functionalism - how you use language, learning that certain constructions will fulfil different functions
• social interactionism - tomasello’s social constructivism idea, idea that you will adapt language based on the interaction