USA by 1945

Question 1

By the end of the 1940s what percentage of the word’s population was (USA) American?

Answer 1

7%

Question 2

By the end of the 1940s how much of the world’s income did America have?

Answer 2

42%

Question 3

How many of the world’s manufactured goods did America produce?

Answer 3

Around half of them

Question 4

How high was unemployment during “the decade”?

Answer 4

Never higher than 4%

Question 5

Post war prosperity (6)

Answer 5

1. Natural Resources (1)
2. Economic Boom During WWII (3)
3. Flourishing Industries During the War (2)
4. Post-War Prosperity (4)
5. Consumer Society (3)
6. The American Dream (2)

Question 6

Post war prosperity (6)
1. Natural Resources (1)
a. US was already rich in natural resources like: (5)

Answer 6

i. coal
ii. iron ore
iii. oil
iv. timber
v. minerals.

Question 7

Post war prosperity (6)
3. Flourishing Industries During the War (2)
a. industries flourished during the war. (6)

Answer 7

i. Aircraft
ii. electrical
iii. chemical
iv. tobacco
v. food processing
vi. pharmaceutical

Question 7

Post war prosperity (6)
3. Flourishing Industries During the War (2)

Answer 7

a. industries flourished during the war. (6)
b. American economy became the most dynamic and successful in the world by 1945.

Question 7

Post war prosperity (6)
2. Economic Boom During WWII (3)

Answer 7

a. During WWII, factories produced war materiel at full speed.
b. Millions of citizens serving in the military resulted in full and well-paid employment.
c. Americans experienced high levels of disposable income.

Question 8

Post war prosperity (6)
4. Post-War Prosperity (4)

Answer 8

a. By the end of the 1940s, the US had 7% of the world’s population but 42% of its income.
b. The US produced half the world’s manufactured goods, 57% of steel, 62% of oil, and 80% of cars.
c. Unemployment remained under 4% throughout the decade.
d. The average American earned more in real dollars than their parents during the 1940s.

Question 9

Post war prosperity (6)
5. Consumer Society (3)

Answer 9

a. America was developing into a consumer society.
b. Americans’ purchasing power increased as they bought cars, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, and other goods.
c. This raised their standard of living and created employment for those involved in the production of consumer goods.

Question 10

Post war prosperity (6)
6. The American Dream (2)

Answer 10

a. The American lifestyle became the envy of the world.
b. The American Dream was a reality for many as they experienced high levels of disposable income, upward mobility, and improved living standards.

Question 11

By 1945, out of the 140 million population of the United States how many had left their homes for training camps?

Answer 11

1/9

Question 12

By 1945, out of the 140 million population of the United States how many had severed overseas?

Answer 12

3/4

Question 13

By 1945, out of the 140 million population of the United States how many had changed their county of residence?

Answer 13

1/8

Question 14

By 1945, out of the 140 million population of the United States how many had made a permanent move to a different state?

Answer 14

8 million

Question 15

How much did the population of the West Coast grow during the war?

Answer 15

by 1/3

Question 16

Where did the during the war population growth mostly (generally) happen?

Answer 16

cities that produced war materiel

Question 17

What were happening to regional differences generally speaking?

Answer 17

They were decreasing

Question 18

Regional divisions (9)

Answer 18

1. The physical geography of the US contributed to regional differences.
2. Regional Differences (3)
3. Response to Change (2)
4. Mobility and Overcoming Regionalism (2)
5. By 1945, out of the 140 million population of the United States: (3)
6. Mass migration during this period moved from: (3)
7. Population Growth (2)
8. Decrease in Regional Differences (2)
9. Unique Nature of the South (2)

Question 19

Regional divisions (9)
2. Regional Differences (3)

Answer 19

a. The predominantly agricultural South had acute racial tensions.
b. The Northeast and Midwest had great cities - Pittsburgh, Chicago, and Detroit - that were centres of manufacturing.
c. The West Coast saw transformation due to defence industries brought about by the war, such as Los Angeles.

Question 20

Regional divisions (9)
3. Response to Change (2)

Answer 20

a. Big cities such as New York were more likely to respond favourably to change.
b. Conservatism was strong in: (3)

Question 21

Regional divisions (9)
3. Response to Change (2)
b. Conservatism was strong in: (3)

Answer 21

i. The South
ii. The great farmlands
iii. Small towns of the Midwest

Question 22

Regional divisions (9)
4. Mobility and Overcoming Regionalism (2)

Answer 22

a. The war necessitated mobility.
b. Mobility helped overcome regionalism.

Question 23

Regional divisions (9)
5. By 1945, out of the 140 million population of the United States: (3)

Answer 23

a. One in every nine had left their homes for training camps and three-quarters of them served overseas.
b. One in every eight had changed their county of residence.
c. 8 million had made a permanent move to a different state, half of them to a different region.

Question 24

Regional divisions (9)
6. Mass migration during this period moved from: (3)

Answer 24

a. The agricultural South to the industrial North AND
b. from East to West
c. Primarily to California.

Question 25

Regional divisions (9)
7. Population Growth (2)

Answer 25

a. The West Coast population grew by one-third during the war.
b. The growth was primarily concentrated in cities that produced war materiel: (5)

Question 26

Regional divisions (9)
7. Population Growth (2)
b. The growth was primarily concentrated in cities that produced war materiel: (5)

Answer 26

i. San Diego
ii. Los Angeles
iii. Oakland
iv. Portland
v. Seattle.

Question 27

Regional divisions (9)
8. Decrease in Regional Differences (2)

Answer 27

a. Regional differences were gradually decreasing. (1)
b. However, regional differences still existed.

Question 28

Regional divisions (9)
8. Decrease in Regional Differences (2)
a. Regional differences were gradually decreasing. (1)

Answer 28

i. For example, Sears(chain of department stores) ceased producing catalogues for different regions.

Question 29

Regional divisions (9)
9. Unique Nature of the South (2)

Answer 29

a. The South had a unique nature that remained unchanged during the period.
b. The struggle for civil rights in the South during the period demonstrated this unique nature of the region.

Question 30

How many Black Americans were there in the American Population?

Answer 30

14 Million people

Question 31

What percentage of the American Population were African American?

Answer 31

10%

Question 32

How many Hispanic Americans were there in the American Population?

Answer 32

1.2 million

Question 33

How many Native Americans were there in the American Population?

Answer 33

350,000

Question 34

Generally speaking, what can you tell about the income of of Black, Hispanic, and Native Americans?

Answer 34

It was significantly lower than the national average.

Question 35

Ethnic divisions (4)

Answer 35

1. Gen. (2)
2. Prejudice against Ethnic Groups GENERALLY (2)
3. Acceptance of Ethnic Groups (2)
4. Discrimination of Non-White Groups (4)

Question 36

Ethnic divisions (4)
1. Gen. (2)

Answer 36

a. The US was a “melting pot” of citizens from different ethnic groups.
b. Many groups were looked down upon by “WASPs” - white, Anglo-Saxon, and Protestant.

Question 37

Ethnic divisions (4)
2. Prejudice against Ethnic Groups GENERALLY (2)

Answer 37

a. The father of future President John F. Kennedy was not fully accepted by Boston high society because of Irish ancestry and Catholicism.
b. Religious prejudice against Jews remained strong.

Question 38

Ethnic divisions (4)
3. Acceptance of Ethnic Groups (2)

Answer 38

a. The Second World War accelerated the acceptance of different ethnic groups, especially white ethnics.
b. Hollywood films showed a group of united, patriotic fighting men with names indicating Irish, Italian, or Polish origin.

Question 39

Ethnic divisions (4)
4. Discrimination of Non-White Groups (4)

Answer 39

a. Treated as Inferior (and population stats) (3)
b. Social inferiority of black and Hispanic Americans was enshrined in law in the South.
c. This is also in practice elsewhere. (1)
d. Incomes of black, Hispanic, and Native American communities were significantly lower than the national average.

Question 40

Ethnic divisions (4)
4. Discrimination of Non-White Groups (4)
a. Treated as Inferior (and population stats) (3)

Answer 40

i. Black Americans. 14 million (10 per cent of the population).
ii. Hispanic Americans. 1.2 million.
iii. Native Americans. 350,000.

Question 41

Ethnic divisions (4)
4. Discrimination of Non-White Groups (4)
d. This is also in practice elsewhere. (1)

Answer 41

i. Housing and schools were usually segregated outside the South.

Question 42

What happened to union membership and powers under the Roosevelt Administration?

Answer 42

It increased

Question 43

Which year are the big strikes which i am talking about?

Answer 43

1946

Question 44

How many workers went on strike during 1946?

Answer 44

4.6 million

Question 45

How many working days were lost during 1946

Answer 45

116 million working days