USA 1954-75 Flashcards
What year was NAACP established
1909
What did the NAACP do when it was established
Fought legal cases in court and established the Legal Defence fund in 1940 to support black Americans wrongly accused of crimes
When was CORE established
1942
What did CORE do when established in 1942
Used non-voilent to demand end pf segregation, used boycotts,pickets ans sit-ins many members were white
When did Brown vs Topeka happen
1954
What happend during Brown vs Topeka
In Topeka, Kanas black children had to travel far to reach a black school
In 1951, the Brown family and 12 other parents took it to court but lost due to ‘ seperate but equal’ ruling
In 1952 NAACP took them to the US supreme court
In 1954, the supreme court rued segregated education was unconstitutional
There was no time scale, so took time for ruling to come into force
What was reqired for people to votes in the states
Most states required a literacy test to register to vote
Many white people relied on the Grandfather clause
People had to pay poll tax if registerd to vote
When did Little Rock Highschool happen
1957
What was the key features in Little Rock Highschool 1957
A school in Arkansas desegregated,25 black students were all due to enroll but due threats only 9 wanted to go
Govenor of Arkanas Ovral Fabus strongly opposed dsegregation
Ovral sent 250 troops to stop the Little Rock Nine from attending
The NAACP planned to arrive with them but one stduent turned up alone, state troops did no protect her from the mob proestors
Who founded the Southern Christan Leadership conference
Martin Luther king
When was the Christian Leadership Conference founded
January 1957
What did the SCLC encourage black americans to do?
‘Seek justice and reject all injustice’ through peaceful means
What Presidential oder did President Eisenhower sign
A order sending over 1000 troops to Little Rock to protect the black students for the whole term
Montogomery Bus Boycott key features
Inspired by Rosa parks who refsued to give up her seat to a white man
Approxomately 20000 people wre involved on the first day
In January 1956 Martin Luther King’s home was fire bombed and he and 90 others were rrested for organising and illegal boycott
What is KKK
Rejected idea of racial equality
What did the KKK do black people
They used lyching and murder to prevent black people to vote
What was the KKK known as
Domestic terrorists
Key features of Emmett Till
Carolyn Bryant claimed Emmett grabbed her and harasses her
Bryants husband and half brother brutally murdered Emmett in 1955
Emmett’s mother had an open casket funeral
Bryants husband and half brother went on trial before an all white and male jury and were not guilty
It was not until 2017 that bryant confessed Emmett never touched her
What was the Dixiecrats Southern Democrat
Politicans who strongly opposed segregation belived states should be able to make thier own laws
Features of Civil Rights Act 1957
Main aim was to ensure black americans could exercise thier righ to vote
Established the US commission on Civil Rights
It allowed government intervention if people were prevented from voting
What were the Civil Rights Act Opposition
Dixiecrats
President Eisenhower
Some black Americas- didn’t go far enough
What year did Greensboro take place
1960
Key features of Greensboro
On febuary 1st 4 black students asked to be served at an all white lunch service.
They were asked to leave, but they sat at the counter until closing
By 5th day, 300 people were participating in sit-in
In July Woolworth desegregated its food counter
The protest formed the Student Non-Violence Coordinating Commitee
What year did the Freedom Riders happen
1961
