Us Vs Uk Flashcards
Give an example of an executive order being used.
2017 - Trump revival of keystone pipelines
Who used the most presidential vetoes and how many did they use?
FDR - 635
Give an example of a government shutdown.
2013 - Obama. Led to widespread anger and frustration among government workers and the public.
Name all of trumps Supreme Court nominees.
Brett kauvanagh, Neil gorsuch, Amy coney Barrett
Give an example of when the senate in a United government rejected a nomination to the cabinet.
John tower - 1989 - minister for defense.
Give an example of a United government.
Obama - 2009/2011 - during this time he passed the affordable care act (Obamacare).
What vote is required in congress to override a presidential veto?
2/3 both houses.
Give an example of a filibuster.
1957 - Strom Thurmond - civil rights bill - 24hrs.
What year did Obama join the Paris agreement?
2016
What year did trump officially withdraw from the Paris agreement?
2020
Name key piece of legislation other than Obamacare that Obama passed between 2009 and 2011.
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
What are inherent powers?
Not explicitly mentioned in constitution but inherent to role as described in the constitution.
What did G W. Bush say about inherent powers?
Post 9/11 he argued that they gave him the power ignore civil liberties and anti torture laws.
Who used the line item veto?
Bill Clinton.
When was the line item veto removed?
1998.
Article 2, section 3.
Allows POTUS to propose legislation to congress.
Give an example of a president abusing implied powers.
1942 - After pearl harbour fdr suspended civil liberties of around 120,000 Japanese Americans placing them in internment camps.
Give an example of the Supreme Court overruling the president.
Supreme Court overruled the suspension of the civil liberties of Japanese Americans by fdr in 1945.
22nd Amendment.
Limits the president to 2 terms.
25th Amendment.
Power can be relocated to the VP temporarily.
10th Amendment.
Protects states rights.
Name 3 exop agencies.
WHO, NSC, OMB.
Limits on the executive order.
Cannot change existing laws, appropriate money or violate human rights.
Give an example of when trump used the veto.
To prevent an attempt to revoke his declaration of national emergency on the US-Mexico border.
Who was the last cabinet nominee to be formally rejected?
John tower for minister of defence - 1989.
Give an example of the president firing a cabinet pick.
Trump fired Secretary of State Rex Tillerson.
Name chief of staff.
Jeff Zientz.
Explain the circumstances by which exop originated.
1930s - Brownlow report concluded “the president needs help”.
Approximately how many staff members does exop have?
3000-4000.
How many executive orders did Obama sign?
276.
Number of executive orders used by FDR.
3522.
Cheney quote about chief of staff role.
“He takes the credit I take the blame”
Eisenhower only read documents with…
That were signed ‘OKSA’ by his chief of staff Sherman Adams.
The National Security Council was established.
1947.
National security advisor.
Jake Sullivan.
Example of effective OMB director.
Leon Panetta - under Clinton. “Clinton could not have had a better salesman”.
OMB tasks.
Oversee spending of federal departments and agencies.
Advises POTUS on allocation on federal funds.
OMB director.
Shalanda Young.
Name of Jimmy Carter’s EXOP.
Georgia Mafia.
OMB is the abbreviation of.
Office of management and budget.
The number of congressional bills in a typical session.
10,000 - 14,000.
Percentage of bills passed in the uk that originate from the government.
90-95% of passed bills originate from the government.
Differences between kings speech and state of union address.
State of union address is a wish list, kings speech is a to do list.
State of union address more detailed.
How is a bill introduced in HoR?
Placed on a hopper on the clerks desk.
Percentage of congressional bills that become law.
2-4%.
Average number of bills passed in the UK each year.
33.
A reason us committees are more effective.
Their standing committees are permanent.
Example of discharge petition in use.
2002 bipartisan campaign reform act.
Discharge petition.
Petition for a bill to skip the committee stage and come straight to the floor of the house. Requires majority signatures.
Meaning of ‘pigeon holed’ bills.
Committee chairs can kill a bill.
Percentage of lords rejected legislation that is not passed into law.
40%.
Programme motion.
Allows uk government to allocate how much time is available for a bill at each stage/restrict mps time to talk about the bill. Cameron allocated 4mins per MP during the passage of the same sex marriage act - 2013.
Signing statement.
Written pronouncement issued by POTUS upon signing a new bill into law.
Used to raise awareness/clarify stance on bill.
Warning shot to congress.
Signing statement example.
2005 - trafficking victims protection reauthorisation act - Bush statement highlights he feels congress is overreaching into executive area of decision making.
5 powers of the president.
Executive orders.
Executive agreements.
Vetoes.
Power to appoint.
EXOP.
Early day motion.
412 MPs signed the motion on the climate change bill 2005.
Number of opposition days.
20.
Vote of no confidence.
James Callaghan - 1979.
Term length of a senator.
6 years. 1/3 senate is re-elected every 2 years.
Term length of House of Representatives.
2 years.
Qualifications of senators.
Over 30.
US citizen for 9+ years.
Reside in state of election.
Qualifications of house of representatives members.
Over 25.
Us citizen for 7+ years.
Reside in the state they represent.
Example of rejected treaty.
Woodrow Wilson - Treaty of Versailles - 1919.
Committee oversight.
They can assign scrutinising staff or hold hearings.
US committee weaknesses.
They can’t legislate.
They can’t require executive compliance.
They can’t implement policies once they’ve been approved.
Example of committee overruling POTUS.
Ways and means standing committee redrafted Reagans tax reform bill 1985.
Example of select committee.
2011 after debt ceiling crisis.
Statistic showing increasing divide in congress.
CQ roll call displayed 90% party unity in 116th congress in both houses.
Legislative failure in United government.
Trump failed to repeal Obamacare in 2017.
Evidence that committees are devoid of executive control.
David obey (democrat chair of house appropriations committee) refused Obama 80m to close Guantanamo bay.
Backbench rebellion.
101 - Johnson - 2021.
Whip abuse of power.
Tory whip mark spencer threatened to withdraw funding for a school in Christian Wakefords constituency if he didn’t toe the party line.
Collective responsibility silencing backbench.
Theresa may - michael gove - 2017.
Lords patronage.
Johnson granted Michael Spencer party donor a peerage.
POTUS approval rating.
37%
Congress approval rating.
16%.
Party unity poll.
90% both houses - CQ roll call.
Truman emergency order.
Korean + Vietnam war.
Recess appointment.
Bush jr - John Bolton ambassador - 2005- lasted more than a year.
Emergency orders subjective as…
They’re poorly defined in the constitution.
Blair quote on PMQs.
“Nerve-wracking…”.
Benghazi committee year.
2014.
Select committee.
One established in 2011 after debt ceiling crisis.
Committee oversight.
Reagans 1985 tax reform rejected by ways and means committee.
War powers act date.
1973.
Merrick Garland rejection date.
2016.
Congress 4 strengths.
Impeachment.
Committees.
Senate approval.
Recent legislation.
PM 4 strengths.
Patronage.
Whips.
Power to appoint.
Guillotine/programme/kangaroo motion.
Parliament 5 strengths.
Backbench rebellions.
DSCs/PAC.
PMQs.
Written questions.
Spads/PMO.
Expertise in lords.
Baroness brown. Engineering.
