us history unit test 5 Flashcards
1
Q
who was texas originally settled by
A
na’s
2
Q
what country claimed the territory in the 1500’s
A
spain
3
Q
why did the spaish eventualy decide to settle texas
A
protect the territory from French settlement
4
Q
what did the Spanish build throughout texas
A
christain misssions
5
Q
what was the gial of the spainsh building them
A
to educate and civilize the na’s
6
Q
why did the mission system fail
A
the na’s disliked the Spanish, refused to inhabit towns, attacking missions
7
Q
in 1800 how many settlements did spain have in texas
A
3
8
Q
who made the deal with spain to colonize texas
A
moses austin
9
Q
what happened to him? who had to take over
A
died shortly after, his son Stephan took over
10
Q
how long did it take him to buiod a successful colony
A
4 years
11
Q
what happened in mexico in 1821
A
gained independence from spain
12
Q
what did mexico want to do with texas
A
increase settlement
13
Q
who are empresarios
A
people like Stephan Austin who recruited settlers
14
Q
what was the poulationof texas in 1830? how many colonies were there
A
over 30,000 settlers, 12 established colonies
15
Q
who were the tejanos?
A
native Texans who are of Mexican heritage
16
Q
what are the five Mexican laws the settlers of texas had to follow
A
- swear alligance to mexico
- give up U.S. citizenship
- adopt roman Catholicism as there religion
- stay on their land for 7 years
- no slavery
17
Q
why did many settlers not follow the Mexican laws
A
many were protistans
they wanted slaves
ignored the laws to live the way they wanted
18
Q
what did mexico do to force the settlers to obey their laws
A
bans American immigration into mexico
19
Q
why did mexico feel that the us wasnted to aquire texas
A
it was part of the LA purchase, but the Usdropped the claim with spain
20
Q
why did texas want to become independent from mexico
A
unhappy w/Mexican laws
21
Q
who was the Mexican pres. how did he respond
A
Antonio…Jebron (Santa Anna) he was determined to keep control of the territory
22
Q
what was the name of the meeting the Texans had to draw up the new governemnt
A
the constitution
23
Q
who does the “constitution” choose as their leader. who is he
A
sam Houston, former senator from TE
24
Q
what was the Alamo originally. wjhat was it turned into
A
old abanndond mission. turned into fortress protected by 21 canons
25
how many troops does santa anna bring to the Alamo. how many Texans are there
6000 troops, 250 texans
26
who is in charge of the Alamo. who s there to assist him
William travis, assisted by volunteer army led by davy crockett (former congressman)
27
how long was the Alamo battle. what was the result
12 days, Texans died, and travis and crokett also died
28
why was the battle of the Alamo important
sam houstan assembled large army at san Jacinto
29
what is the goliad. what happened there
abandoned missionturned into prison that heldmany Texans accusedof crimes against Mexican government. Santa annas troops murdered all 340 prisoners
30
what does sam Houston have planned for the Mexican army at San jacinto
all out attack in san jacinto
31
what was the result at san jacinto
- mexicans marched into ambush
| - Texans were able to force the Mexicans to surender
32
what happened to santa anna
flees, but was found under a tree
33
what was he forced to do
sign treaty
34
what are the terms of the treaty
- mexico withdraws troops
| - Texans become independent republic
35
what was the issue that was raised when new land was acquired in the west
slavery status in the territory
36
what did southerners want added to the laws on the US
add new laws to assist the capture of run away slaves
37
why did president polk think that the west was not suitale for slavery
the climate
38
what did the wilmont proviso state
to ban slavery in any territory gained from mexico
39
how did the south react to the wilmont proviso
they were furiuos
40
what happened to the wilmont proviso in congress
senate refused to even vote on it and the bill died
41
what was the idea proposed by lewis cass for deciding whether a territory should have savery
let the people on the territory decide for themselves whether or not to have slavery
42
how did this idea work
popluar sovereignty- majority rules
43
why was pop. sovereignty not a solution
unpopular with the abolishionists
44
CA applied for state hood as what kind of state
free state
45
why did this upset the southeners
more free states than slave states
46
how did the compromise of 1850 attempt to resolve the problem with slave/free states
please both sides
- CA free state
- all other territory from mexico is pop. soverneignty
47
what was the other component of the 1850 compromise
the fugitive slave act
48
if an African American was accused of being a runaway slave, what happened first
arrested and brought in fromt of a judge
49
how was it detrmined if a slave was a runaway or not
a sworn statement from a white person
50
what could the accused runaway not do
no right to trail
| could not testify
51
why was this system corrupt
$5 goes to the judge for siding with the accused
| $10 goes to judge for siding with the white person
52
how did the northeners react to he is law
furious- people in north who helped slaves could be jailed
53
who speaks against the law
Frederick douglas
54
what are the results of his speaches
- whites ignore the law about not helping slaves
| - underground railroad gains much more popularity
55
what us uncle tom's cabin
anti-slavery novel
56
who wrote the novel
harriet beecher stowe
57
what was the effect of the book on the country
become secong most widley read book
| -increased slavery hatred by northeners, outraged the south
58
what did Abraham Lincoln say about the author
"s your the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war" #burn
59
why was a transcontinental railroad needed in the us
the opening of Oregon and the admission of CA to the union
60
what was the issue that kept a route from being built through the south
the route would go through northern mexico
61
what is done to solve this
james gudsden was sent by the us to buy the land from mexico
62
what was acquired. how much did it cost
what is now Arizona and new mexico. 10 million
63
how did the north respond to this purchase
they want northern railroad now
64
what has to be done to satisfy the north
settle 2 territories (Kansas/Nebraska territories)
65
why did the south not want Nebraska to become an organized territory
they would both have to be free staes bc they are above the missuri line
66
how did senator douglas propose to resolve the issue
Kansas-Nebraska act
67
how would it be determined if each territory was open to slavery
pop. soverneignty
68
what results in kansasa. what name is given to this situation
became the scene of territorial civil war between pro-slavery and antislavery settlers (bleeding Kansas)
69
who is the leader of the anti-slavery group in kansas
john brown
70
what is the signifigance of the events in kansas
preview of what is to come in the later years to the country
71
who was dred scott
a slave who had moved around a lot and at one time lived in a free state and didn't know it
72
whi did he sue in federal court
he had resided in a free state and should have been set free
73
what did the supreme court decide in the dred scott case
- African americans could not be considered citizens in the us
- they had no right to sue in federal court
74
how did the ruling in this case divied democrats and republicans
democrats liked the decision
republicans were outraged
-said the decision was not binding
-the ruling intensified sectional defferences
75
what position were Stephan douglas and Abraham Lincoln running for in 1858
reelection to senete
76
how did they spread their messages
series of 7 debates
77
what was Douglas's position on the slavery issue
the idea of popular sovereignty
78
what was Lincoln's position
opposed extention of slavery to territories
79
who won the election between Lincoln and douglas
douglas
80
what were some positive results for lincoln
gained national reputation
| -rebullicans see him as a rising star
81
what happened on oct. 16, 1859
harper's ferry (john brown/ and sons)
| -he wants to raid the federal arsenal and give the guns to the slave to rebel
82
what happened to brown
he got arrested and put on trial and hanged
83
who was the republican nominee for president in 1860
abe lincoln
84
who were the democratic nominees. why were there two
Stephan douglas and johnbreckinridge. they had two different views on slavery
85
who was the third party canidate
john bell (TN) pro-slavery but wanted t keep the counry together
86
who wins the election. why
Lincoln. the split of the votes gave him more by default
87
what was the last ditch effort by the south to protect slavery called. what did it call for
Crittenden compromise.
- garenteed slavery where it exsisted
- reinstated 36-30 line to the CA boarder
88
what happened to this proposal
did not pass
| Lincoln apposed it
89
what then took place. why was it unuccesful
peace conference. no body came from secessionist states so the proposal was voted down by congress
90
what happened on December 17, 1860
SC secedes
| -legistlature dissolved union with US
91
what soon followed
MS FL AL GA LA TX VA AR NC TN
92
what did this group become known as. who were its leaders
```
the confederacy. Jefferson davis (MS) president
Alexander stephans (GA) VP
```
they had a constitution like US's
93
who coined the phrase "manifest Destany"
john O'Sullivan
94
what does manifest destiny mean
belief that US would inevitably expand westward to the pacific ocean and into Mexican territory
95
what are the three major reasons americans moved west
- many americans had personal economic problems
- land in west was a freash start
- availability of cheap land meant prosperity and you could prfit off it
96
who was most likely to move west
farmers
miners seeking gold and other precious ore
merchants followseeking new markets
97
what was the original purpose of the oregan trail
traveled by christain missionaries
98
where did the Oregon trail start and end
start- independence MI
| end- Portland Oregan
99
who had followed a similar route to the oregan trail
lewis and clark
100
what weresome of the hazards of the trail
```
long trip
poorly made wagon
moved slowly over lnd
temp changes
contaminated water
```
101
what did the painting suggest about the oregan trail
beautiful, flatland, everyone looks great
102
what happened to the donner party
they took an incorrect route and became canibalists, 45 out of 83 survived
103
why did mormans migrate west
angry neighbors because of polygamy
104
what happened to their leader
killed by angry mobs
105
who takes over as leader
bringham young
106
where does he lead them to
salt lake, utah
107
what caused the Aroostook war
the expulsion of Canadian lumberjacks in pisputed rea by maine officials
108
what resulted from the Webster ashburn treaty
maine boundry settlement
109
why were presidents Jackson and van buren hesitant to add texas as a state to the US
it would upset northerner votes who did not want another slave state added
110
which two countries had a claim on the Oregon territory
us and britain
111
what was the major question concerning the oregan territorty
which country does the territory belong to
112
what issue caused debate over the expansion of the united states. why
slave state issue. northeners wanted non slave territory
| southeners wanted slave territory texas
113
why did john tyler run for reelection as a democrat in 1848
he was kicked out of his original party-whigs
| he wants to see both texas and oregan added
114
why did the democrats choose james polk as their candidate instead of tyler
pleases both north and south with his agenda and he had always been a democrat
115
who is polk's opponent in 1848. what party is he from. who wins
henry clay, whig, james polk
116
why was james polk popular in both north and south
wants to add both territories
117
why did polk not want war with Britain over oregan
they were already going to have to go to war with mexico- he did not want a second war
118
how was the oregan territory divided between the us and britain
drawn down at the 49th parallel
119
what territory was disputed between the us and mexico
what wa the original texas territory
120
why does the us relieze war is the only option against mexico
mexico refused to negociate, mexico tells cali to declare independent
121
what general was able to lead troops deep into mexico
general Zachary taylor
122
what is the name of the peace treaty the Mexicans are forced to sign
the treaty of Guadalupe-hidalogo
123
what territory is gained by the us as a result of the treaty
south west, Mexican cession
124
what discovery was made in CA in 1848
gold
125
what resulted after the discovery
massive migration of minors in 1849
126
what was the overall affect on CA
by the time the gold rush was over, CA's population was 400,000
