US history Unit 1

Question 0

Jim Crow laws:

Answer 0

Laws enacted by southern state and local government to separate white and black people

Question 1

Defenition of homestead act

Answer 1

A law enacted in 1862 that provided 160 acres in the west to any citizen or intended citizen who was head of the household and would cultivate the land for 5 years; a law whose passage led to record numbers of US settlers claiming private property which previously had been reserved by treaty and by tradition for Native American nomadic dwelling and use the same laws strengthened in 1889 to encourage individuals to exercise their private property rights and develop homesteads out of the vast government

Question 2

Assimilation:

Answer 2

A minority groups adoption of the beliefs and way of life of the dominant culture.

Question 3

Dawes act

Answer 3

A law enacted in 1887 that intended to “Americanize” native Americans by distributing reservation land to individual owners

Question 4

Americanization:

Answer 4

Education program that helped immigrants to assimilate to American culture

Question 5

Exodusters-

Answer 5

An African American who migrated from the south to Kansas in the past- reconstruction years

Question 6

Transcontinental railroad

Answer 6

A railroad line linking the Atlantic and pacific coasts of the United States, completed in 1869

Question 7

What caused migration to the west?

Answer 7

Newspapers made stories about Oregon seem like a wonderful land. Oregon was supposed to have mild weather and rich soil. missionaries that had visited Oregon to bring Christianity to the Indians praised Oregon in letters they sent back east. Publications that painted enticing pictures of luscious, available Western lands put thousands on the trail. Overcrowded cities in the East caused others to flee westward

Question 8

What was the impact of railroad on West?

Answer 8

Railroads bought dreams of available land, adventure, and a fresh start with in the grasp of many Americans. Railroad supplied cities and towns with food fuel building materials and access to markets. It led to economic prosperity. It also permitted reliable and rapid communication.
Accidents and diseases caused 20,000 injuries a year and killed 2000 a year

Question 9

What was the impact of railroads on native Americans?

Answer 9

The transcontinental railroad trespassed into Native American land and at that time there was a lot of conflict between white settlers taking over Native American lands because it took away so much of their land. Settlers would ride the train and shoot the Buffalo as a sport this killed off the Native Americans major food supply. Builders of the railroads and settlers brought diseases to the Native Americans

Question 10

What was the impact of government policies on Native Americans?

Answer 10

Americans were deprived much of their land by force removal westward by a succession of treaties and by military defeat as it controls over the American West.

Question 11

Chinese exclusion act:

Answer 11

A law enacted in 1882 that prohibited all Chinese except students teachers merchants tourists and government officials from entering the United States

Question 12

Gentlemans agreement:

Answer 12

A 1907 - 1908 agreement by the government of Japan to limit Japanese immigration to the United States

Question 13

Ellis Island:

Answer 13

Ellis Island, in upper New York Bay, was the gateway for millions of immigrants to the United States as the nations busiest immigrant inception state from 1892 until 1954

Question 14

Angel Island:

Answer 14

From 1910 to 1940 the island processed hundreds of thousands of immigrants, the majority from china

Question 15

Nativism:

Answer 15

Favoring the interests of nativeborn people over foreign-born people

Question 16

Quotas

Answer 16

A system that sets limits on how many immigrants from various countries a nation will admit each year

Question 17

Who was George Pullman?

Answer 17

George Pullman was an American engineer and industrialist. He designed and manufactured the Pullman sleeping car and founded a company town, Pullman, for the workers Humana factored it. The town of Pohlman provided for almost all of workers basic needs

Question 18

Who was Thomas Edison

Answer 18

Thomas Edison was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world. Including the photograph the motion picture camera and a long-lasting practical electric lightbulb. He also became a pioneer on the new industrial front tier when he established the world’s first research laboratory in Menlo Park New Jersey

Question 19

Who was the captain?

Answer 19

Ingenious and industrious leaders who transformed the American economy with their businesses skilled they were praised for their skills as well as for their philanthropy (charity)

Question 20

Robber baron

Answer 20

A robber baron portrays men like Vanderbilt and Rockefeller and Ford and cruel and ruthless businessman who would stop at nothing to achieve great wealth These robber barons were accused of exploiting workers and forcing horrible working conditions and unfair labor practices upon the labor

Question 21

Who was Andrew Carnegie

Answer 21

One of the captains of industry of 19th-century America, Andrew Carnegie help to build the formidable American steel industry, a process that turned a poor young man into one of the richest entrepreneurs of his age.

Question 22

Who is John D Rockefeller

Answer 22

John D Rockefeller was an American business magnate and philanthropist he was the cofounder of the standard oil Company, which dominated the oil industry and was the first great US business trust. He was also a sworn enemy of Andrew Carnegie mainly due to his wealth.

Question 23

Philanthropy

Answer 23

The desire to promote the welfare of others, expressed especially by the generous donation of money to good causes

Question 24

Monopoly

Answer 24

The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a committee or service

Question 25

Finishing of trust

Answer 25

A trust is a large businesses originally it was standard oil which was already the largest corporation in the world

Question 26

Sherman antitrust act

Answer 26

A lot enacted in 1890 that was intended to prevent the creation of monopolies by making it illegal to establish trust that interfered with free trade

Question 27

Vertical integration

Answer 27

A companies taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its product

Question 28

Horizontal integration

Answer 28

The merging of companies that make similar products

Question 29

Interstate commerce act

Answer 29

A lot enacted in 1887 that established the Federal governments right to supervise railroad activities and create a five-member interstate commerce commission to do so

Question 30

Laissez-faire

Answer 30

The practice of non-interference in the affair of others especially with reference to individual conduct or freedom of action

Question 31

What were the reasons for rapid industrialization of the US after the Civil War?

Answer 31

Machines replaced handlabor as the main means of manufacturing, increasing the production capacity of industry tremendously. A new nationwide network of railways distribute goods far and wide inventors develops new products the public wanted and businesses made the products in large quantities investors and bankers supplied the huge amounts of money that business leaders needed to expand their operations

Question 32

What was the importance of railroad industry?

Answer 32

Railroads made local transit reliable and westward expansion possible for businesses as well as for people
When the transcontinental railroad was finished in 1869 other transcontinental lines followed and regional lines multiplied

Question 33

What were some opportunities and some opportunists of the railroads?

Answer 33

The railroads increased growth of businesses (iron cold steel lumber and glass) to keep pace with the railroads demands for Materials and parts.
The rapid spread of railroad lines also foster the growth of towns stab Lish new markets an offer which opportunities for both visionaries and profiteers

Question 34

Who are the workers on the transcontinental railroad?

Answer 34

Immigrants from Ireland Germany and former Union and Confederate streams built the transcontinental railroad almost entirely by hand.
Chinese laborers first went to work for the Central Pacific as it began crossing California Sierra Nevada mountains in 1865
As 1.8 thousand of the 10,000 men toiling for the Central Pacific or Chinese

Question 35

What were the new inventions?

Answer 35

Steam engines
Steam boats 
Textile mills
Factories
Sewing machines
Road building 
Printing press 
Telephone 
Phonograph