US History Test 1 Flashcards
Abraham Lincoln
Reconstruction.
13th Amendment - wanted to use free slaves to help in the Reconstruction of the stouth
April 14, 1865
Abe Lincoln is killed in Ford theater by John Wilkes Booth.
William Seward
Secretary of State during Lincoln’s presidency.
Attacked in bed and stabbed several times.
SURVIVES!
Andrew Johnson
Vice President.
Next to be attacked but the attackers get scared.
Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction
1863 - 10% Plan (if 10% of southern states populations must vow to be loyal and to join the union, they’re readmitted)
Plan is very light on southern states
Radical Republicans
Do not like Lincoln’s leniency on the Southern States.
Believed that the MAJORITY of the states population should vow in order to rejoin
Civil War
(1861-1865)
25% Confederate soldiers died
10% Union soldiers died
What was the #1 killer during the Civil War?
Simple disease!
Southern Devastation
2/5 of livestock lost 1/2 agg. taken/destroyed railroads destroyed industry destroyed loss of slaves
What was the biggest hit to the Southern economy during the Civil War?
Loss of slaves!
Prior to war, South was one of the most wealthy regions in the world.
Presidential Reconstruction
Andrew Johnson succeeds Lincoln.
Screws up all of Lincoln’s hard work.
Wade Davis Bill
Revision of the 10% plan.. MAJORITY of population must vow loyalty to rejoin Union
Andrew Johnson’s work
Presidential pardons to majority of political figures/officers of the Confederacy.
Special congressional election in the South to refill the political seats.
Black Codes
1865
Former slaves must have documentation or could be arrested.
Freeman restricted to few jobs.
Barred from jury duty/ judicial service.
No possession of firearms.
Slave children could be taken by authorities if they felt living conditions were “unfit”
Radical Republicans
Hate Johnson’s ideas
Thaddeus Stevens
Charles Sumner- nearly beaten to death for speaking against slavery and Southern pride
“They’d line up the high ranking officers and political figures from the Civil War and shoot them in the head for treason” -Who?
Radical Republicans
Radical Reconstruction
Gets rid of Special congressional election and strips peoples’ powers.
Radical Reconstruction - Freedman’s Bureau
Ensure rights/ education/ safety for former slaves.
Helped find employment, homes, education.
Schools set up for former slave children.
Radical Reconstruction - Civil Rights Act (1866)
Direct response to Black Codes.
Civil Rights Act (1866) detail
Citizenship - freedman are citizens and shall receive same rights as all others.
Black Codes ILLEGAL
Federal government has the power for the first time after the civil war!
14 Amendment (1868)
Guarantees EVERY CITIZEN equality under the law.
State gov’s cannot violate civil rights of their citizens.
States must support A.Amer rights to vote or they cant rejoin the union.
MUST ratify this amendment to rejoin the union.
Reconstruction Acts (1867-68)
Congress divided South into 5 military districts until they rejoined the Union.
States must guarantee black male suffrage or they cannot rejoin Union.
Federal government approval of new state constitutions before rejoining.
States MUST ratify 14th amendment.
Military Reconstruction (1870-1877)
Era of redemption
Southern whites thought of the time as the “Tragic Era”
“Lost Cause”
Lost Cause
Southern whites trying to be proud of their loss. “we were noble, fought for what we believed in blah blah.”
Only reason they lost was because North had more money, supplies and men
Tragic Era
Southern slaves had power for a while.
Yankee takeover
Slaves have jobs of authority.
Physical Reconstruction
N. money and Radical Republicans (65-77) sent to rebuild railroads, bridges, colleges
Agriculture reborn/reconstructed in the South
