US History Ch 14 and 15 Flashcards
What school did Booker T. Washington establish in Alabama?
Tuskegee Institute
What is George Washington Carver known for?
His ability to work with plants and his uses for peanut, soybean, and peanut plants.
How did George Washington Carver’s knowledge of plants help Southern farmers?
His knowledge helped them replenish the soil after all the cotton crops were harvested.
Which crop (recommended by Carver) has become very profitable?
Soybeans
By the middle of the 1800’s, which was the last frontier that remained to be settled?
The Great Plains
What did the buffalo provide for the Indians?
Food, shelter, and clothing
Why were the buffalo disappearing?
White men began to kill off the herds of buffalo.
Where were the Indians placed when white man began to settle the Great Plains?
On reservations
Which two railroad companies built the transcontinental railroad?
Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroad companies.
When and where was the transcontinental railroad finished?
May 10, 1869
Promontory Point, Utah
What two changes were brought about by the transcontinental railroad?
1) It helped to settle the West
2) The East was brought closer to the west because of transportation.
What was the cowboy’s main job?
To take care of a herd of cattle.
Why were the cattle branded?
For identification purposes, to see which cattle belonged to each rancher.
What was the purpose of the long drive?
To take herds of cattle to the railroad to ship to the East.
Why did the cowboys sing to their cattle?
To soothe them to prevent stampedes.
What was the disagreement between cowboys and farmers?
The cowboy wanted to let his cattle wander over the plains to graze, while the farmer wanted to fence and protect his crops.
What law promised 160 acres of land to anyone who would farm the land for 5 years?
The Homestead Act of 1862
What territory was opened to settlers in 1889?
Oklahoma Territory, which caused the Oklahoma land rush.
Who invented the first successful mechanical reaper?
Cyrus McCormick
Who brought the steel industry to America?
Andrew Carnegie
Who made the oil industry a successful industry?
John D. Rockefeller
Who made the first successful steamboat?
Robert Fulton
Who made the first telegraph?
Samuel Morse
Who invented the first successful telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
Who invented the phonograph and a longer lasting light bulb?
Thomas Edison
Who invented the assembly line to make cars affordable for many Americans?
Henry Ford
Who made the first airplane?
The Wright Brothers
Who launched the first successful liquid-fuel rocket?
Robert Goddard
