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us history 1 mid-term Flashcards

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1
Q

new England preacher who started the great awakening and wrote “sinners in the hands of an angry god”

A

jonathan edwards

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2
Q

made a picture of the boston masacure that was intentially wrong to make the colonists angry with the british

A

paul revere

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3
Q

popular traveling preacher of the great awakining

A

George whitfield

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4
Q

convinced native americans to become allies with the british during the French and indian war

A

jeoseph brant

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5
Q

british major who was very unsucsesful in battle during the French and indian war

A

George washington

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6
Q

encouraged the british to fight using guerilla warfare and had ft. Duquesne named after him

A

William pitt

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7
Q

british officer in charge of the military in boston who planned the march to Lexington and concord

A

general gage

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8
Q

wrote a poem that made paul revere the most well known of the midnight riders

A

henry wadsworth longfellow

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9
Q

the great awakening was a response to the loss of ____ in the colonies in the 18th century

A

religious spirituality

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10
Q

during the great awakening the two major religious denominations that were created are…

A

Methodists and baptists

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11
Q

was Columbia or yale created during the great awakening?

A

columbia

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12
Q

the French and indian war was the colonial part of what war?

A

seven years war

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13
Q

at the beginning of the French and indian war the two sides were?

A

French and indian vs. the british

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14
Q

the French and indian war end with a huge british victory where?

A

quebec

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15
Q

what did the treaty of paris in 1763 state?

A
  • spain gives FL to british
  • france give up all land in north AM
  • Spain gets Louisiana territory
  • NA’s gained no land
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16
Q

the british decide to tax products in the colonies mainly to..

A

pay the debt from the French and indian war

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17
Q

anger of the quartering act resulted in…

A

the boston masacure

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18
Q

the boston tea party was carried out by a group of colonists known as

A

sons of liberty

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19
Q

all of the following were decisions made at the first continential congrrss EXCEPT…

A
  • train colonial militias
  • increase boycotting of british products
  • install George Washington as commander of the armed forces
  • stop trading with the british
  • meet again in the future
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20
Q

paul revere warns colonists of the coming of the british army by using the tallest building in boston, which is?

A

old north church

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21
Q

of the following which one was not a midnight rider?

A

William dawes
samual adams
samual Prescott
paul revere

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22
Q

the british tried to make a sneak attack on Lexington and concord because…

A

the patriots had a stockpile of weapons and ammo there

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23
Q

the only state that does not send a representative to the first continental congresss is

A

georgia

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24
Q 
what is not part of the puritan mentalty?
grace
depravity
inner light
covenent
A

inner light

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25
Q

the issue that caused tension between NA’s and the settelers of new England was

A

the taking of land by settlers

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26
Q

the most signifigant result of Bacon’s rebellion was…

A

England excerts even more control over the colony

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27
Q

how was indentured servitude different from traditional slavery

A

indentured servents were eventually given freedom

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28
Q

brought order to the Jamestown colony but was later dismissed

A

john smith

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29
Q

gvener of Jamestown wjo was openly hostile towards the native americans

A

lord de la warre

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30
Q

settler who introduced the tobacco crop to jamestown

A

john rolfe

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31
Q

daughter of a native chief who married an English settler

A

pocohontas

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32
Q

powerful native chief whose relationaship with Jamestown settlers soured after the death of his daughter

A

powhatan

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33
Q

became the first expieriment in representative government in amrerica

A

house of burgesses

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34
Q

settlers of MA who believed in religious strict laws

A

puritans

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35
Q

believed that only the individual can decide weather or not he/she has grace

A

anne huchinson

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36
Q

believed that NA’s should be compensated for all the land taken from them

A

roger williams

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37
Q

group that separated themselves from the puritans and believed in pacifism

A

quakers

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38
Q

new England tribe that as attacked by English settlers in 1637

A

pequots

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39
Q

Virginian settler who attempted to overthrow the royal government

A

nathaniel baon

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40
Q

royal govener of Virginia who was overthrown temporarily in 1676

A

willaim berkley

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41
Q

Wampanoag chief who tried to expel all English settlers from new england

A

metacom

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42
Q

bleived all freeman should have a vote

A

Thomas hooker

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43
Q

what is the best way to describe why Europeans came to America?

A

god, glory, gold

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44
Q

indentured servitude is different from chattel slavery because….

A

indentured servents were eventually given freedom

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45
Q

the issue that plagued the settlers of Jamestown when they first arrived was…

A

a high death rate

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46
Q

Jamestown colonists generally despised the leadership of lord de la warre because…

A

he often acted like a king

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47
Q

the main result of openchancanough’s attack on the Jamestown colonists was…

A

colonists bec=gan seeing NA’s as sub-humans

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48
Q

the Virginia Co lost its charter in 1624 mainly because of…

A

the establishment of the house of burgesses

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49
Q

what is not part on puritan mentallity

A

inner light

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50
Q

the only people who could vote and be leaders of the puritan colony were…

A

those with grace

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51
Q

the most common crimes in puritain society was..

A

moral crimes (lying drinking)

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52
Q

the issue that caused great tensions between new England settlers and Na’s was…

A

the taking of land

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53
Q

European settlers referred to metacom as king Philip because…

A

he was jokeinly compared to the king of spain

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54
Q

when metacom declared war on the settlers of new England his goal was to…

A

make all of them want to leave new england

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55
Q

in 1676 Nathaniel bacon’s major grievance in Virginia was…

A

the lack of response by the govener to native American attacks

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56
Q

the most signifigant result of nathaniels rebellion was….

A

England excerts more power on the colony

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57
Q

in the 17th century, the group that would have been considered the middle in the south was…

A

the farmers

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58
Q

the salem witch trails could have occurred because of

A
  • mass hysteria and paronoia
  • fueds between familes
  • possible ingestion of drugs
  • rewards given to accusers
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59
Q

the main concern of the drafters of the articles of confederation was…

A

avoiding a tyrannical government

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60
Q

one reason why interstate trade suffered in the states under the articles of confederation was…

A

each state had its own money

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61
Q

under the 3/5 compromise,

A

three fifths of a states slave population counted towards representation

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62
Q

anti-federalists criticized federalists as being

A

against individual freedoms

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63
Q

shays rebellions was important because it led many states to believing that

A

the articles of confederation should be amended

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64
Q

the only major success of the articles of confederation was…

A

the northwest ordinence

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65
Q

the two new branches of government created by the constitution were the

A

judiciary and executive

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66
Q

the system of checks and balances was created to…

A

limit the powers of the branches of government

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67
Q

the northwest ordinance stated that…

A

new territories would be organized into states

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68
Q

the federalists papers we written to…

A

convince readers that the constitution SHOULD be ratified

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69
Q

the federalists papers were written by..

A

james Madison, john jay, and alexander hamilton

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70
Q

though both the federalists and the Jeffersonian both supported the revolution in France, they disagreed over the method used by the revolutionaries known as…

A

the reign of terror

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71
Q

under the jay treaty the American agreed to trade with ____ if they agreed not to aid _____

A

britian, navitve americans

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72
Q

George washingtons response to the whicky rebellion was critized by some who felt

A

his actions were like those of king George prior to the American revolution

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73
Q

the xyz affair angered many americans because…

A

they felt france was trying to extort money from us

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74
Q

the alien act was made mainly to target…

A

French immigrants

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75
Q

john adams lost support from his own party because he…

A

refused to go to war with france

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76
Q

one of the differences between federalists and jeffersonians was that….

A

federalists believd that only th elites of the society should participate in government

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77
Q

the kentucy and Virginia resolutions were a challenge to the constitution as they brought up the…

A

states rights

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78
Q

the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions ultimately failed because….

A

other states refused to support them

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79
Q

one of the changes john smith made upon becoming govener of Jamestown was….

A

to learn techniques for survival from the NA’s

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80
Q

in 1676 nthaniel bacon was upset with what issue in Virginia?

A

the control of the colony by the british

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81
Q

“common sence” was influential in convinceing americans they should fight for…

A

independence from britian

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82
Q

Saratoga was an important victory for the americans during the revolutionary war because it meant….

A

they were now winning

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83
Q

the Virginia co lost its charter mainly because….

A

the establishment of the house of burgesses

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84
Q

most of the American casualties during the revolutionary war came from….

A

british prison ships

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85
Q

he made a huge strategic errorat Saratoga which led to adevistating defeat…

A

general bergoyne

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86
Q

persued Washingtons army until they retreated to new jersey

A

general howe

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87
Q

leader of the green mountin boys, captured ft. Ticonderoga without having to fire a shot

A

ethan allen

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88
Q

tried to give the plans to the American fort at westpoint to the british in an infamous act of treason

A

benedict arnold

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89
Q

helped washingotn train soldiers to be a professional army

A

baron von steuban

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90
Q

confident seaman who led the bonne home Richard to victory over the serpris

A

john paul jones

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91
Q

made the final surrender of the british in 1781

A

general cornwallis

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92
Q

paid by british to fight on their side despite not speaking english

A

hessians

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93
Q

inalienable:

A

can not take away, like a birth right

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94
Q

usurpations:

A

a taking by force

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95
Q

pyrrhic victory:

A

a victory that inflicts such a devastating toll on the victor that it takes away the feeling that it was a victory

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96
Q

the three unalienable rights listed in the declaration of independence….

A

life liberty and the pursuit of happiness

97
Q

throughout the DOI the writers list many offenses “he” has commited, who is he?

A

king George the 3rd

98
Q

the writer of the DOI believe that the government should be created by….

A

the people

99
Q

during the early part of the Rev. war George Washington record as a general can best be described as….

A

more failures than succeses

100
Q

the britiah had al of the following advantages over the American in the war except?

  • a greater commitment to the cause
  • a superior army
  • a superior navy
  • greater access to military resources
  • a greater number of troops
A

a greater commitment to the cuase

101
Q

most of the casualties of the war came from…

A

british prison ships

102
Q

the American loses in NY in 1776 were important because…

A

the british nearly cut off new England from the rest of the colonies

103
Q

the “rule” of warfare that the continental army broke during the revolutionary war was..

A

targeting british officers

104
Q

one of the technological advances in weaponry used by the americans was…

A

guns with grooved barels

105
Q

the most important result at the American victory in Saratoga was…

A

france joinde the war on Americas side

106
Q

the british ultimately surrendered at Yorktown because…

A

a French fleet foiled their lan to escape by sea

107
Q

washingtons attack on the hessians was successful mainly because….

A

he made a sneak attack right after the hessians Christmas celebration

108
Q

the bonne homme Richards defeat of the HMS serpris is surprising because…

A

the serpirs was a far superior ship

109
Q

the treaty of paris was signed by john jay, john adams, and….

A

ben franklin

110
Q

was “british loyalists living in America must move to Canada” a part of the treaty of paris/

A

no

111
Q

what issue cUSED BAD RELATIONS BETWEEN na’S AND SETTLERS?

A

VIOLENCE WHEN LAND WAS AT STAKE

112
Q

what three tribes formed analiance in 1790 to resist westward expansion?

A

Miami, delaware, and Shawnee tribes

113
Q

who were the leaders of the alliance?

A

little turtle(Miami), and blue jacket(Shawnee)

114
Q

what happened at miamitown?

A

an expedition led by Arthur st. Claire is defeated at miamitown (now ft. wayne, IN), in 1790

115
Q

how did George Washington reorganize the army?

A

turns continental army into well-trained professional “leigion”

116
Q

who did George Washington put in charge of the new legion?

A

general “mad” Anthony wayne

117
Q

what is general “mad” the first to require his soldiers to do?

A

go through basic training

118
Q

why did little turtle try to convice the resistance to not fight against the legion?

A

the legion was to powerful

119
Q

how did the alliance respond?

A

the NA leaders did not listen and they faced the leion at “fallen timbers”

120
Q

what happened at fallen timbers?

A

the alliance is defeated badly

121
Q

what is the alliance forced to do?

A

sign the treaty of greenville

122
Q

what are the two terms of the Greenville treaty?

A
  • NA’s give up all territory in southern ohio

- ohio river can be used as a boundry by the Na’s

123
Q

what was the state of the alliance at the beginning of the 19th century

A

very week

124
Q

what four options did they have?

A
  • accept the white culture
  • blend the two cultures
  • return to old traditions
  • more military action
125
Q

who avocted accepting the white culture? why?

A

little turtle

-he was given land as payment by the government

126
Q

who vocated blending the two cultures?

A

handsome lake from the senea tribe

127
Q

what else did handsome lake warn the NA’s about?

A

alcohol

128
Q

who advocated returning the native traditions? why?

A

Shawnee leader tenskwatawa “the profet”

-strongly opposed assimilation

129
Q

assimilation:

A

a person or persons acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a group

130
Q

who advised military action?

A

tenskwatawa’s brother, tecumseh

131
Q

why would he not accept the treaty of Greensville?

A

he didn’t want to give up their land

132
Q

who did he warn abour possible military action?

A

indianna govener william henry harrison

133
Q

how did the govener respond?

A

gatherd army and prepared for battle

134
Q

what happened then?

A
  • army of 1000 men marched to Tecumseh’s village
  • tenskwatawa orders warriors to attack
  • this is the battle of tippec anoe 11/7/1811
135
Q

what are the results for the NA’s?

A

essentially tie but their moral is broken

136
Q

moral:

A

basically spirit

137
Q

whatdo theNA’s do when the war of 1812 breaks out?

A

join the british

138
Q

how does Tecumseh respond to he british talk of retreat?

A

not happy, wants to fight to the death

139
Q

what becomes of Tecumseh?

A

he is killed at the battle of thames in canada

140
Q

what do you think govener Harrison thought so highly of Tecumseh?

A
  • he respected him as a leader

- respected his decisions and how he respected others

141
Q

what were the two events that led up to the war of 1812?

A
  • us shipping was being harassed, cargo was seized
  • impressment of sailors (slavery on the sea)
    - british navy kidnapped sailors and forced then to join their navy
142
Q

impressment:

A

slavery on the sea

143
Q

what did the embargo of 1807 do?

A

halted all trade with europe

144
Q

why were the northerns against the embargo?

A

they imported ost of their goods

145
Q

who becomes predident after Jefferson? what is he known for?

A

james Madison

-federalist papers

146
Q

what did the non-intercourse act do?

A

no trade with france/britian

james Madison could reopen trade when they lifted restrictions

147
Q

who are the war hawks?

A

southern congressmen who favored war, even though it hurt the east

148
Q

what were the 4 potential benifets of going to war with britian?

A
  • reopen trade
  • national pride
  • stop kidnapping/slavery of our soldiers
  • CANADA!!!!!!
149
Q

what were two potential hazards of going to war with britian?

A
  • we have a small army

- britian was still a great power

150
Q

where did the war of 1812 start>

A

we invaded canada

151
Q

what are the tree major events at the bigining of the war?

A
  • we burn down York (toranto)
  • perry defeated the british on lake eirie
  • britian blockades the eastern seaboard
152
Q

what did britian do after marching to Washington D.C?

A

burn down the white house/capitol

153
Q

what happens at the battle of ft. mchenry?

A

british try to attakc

154
Q

who was at this battle? what did he do?

A

frances scott key, he wrote the star spangled banner

155
Q

what was the peace treaty called?

A

treaty of ghent

156
Q

what did this treaty call for?

A

no party lost and no land was taken

157
Q

why was it not the real end of the war?

A

word didn’t get to the troops right away

158
Q

who is in charge at new Orleans? what is hi strategy?

A

Andrew Jackson, trenches to hide and wait till they come close

159
Q

what is the results at new Orleans?

A

bitish get annialated loss> 2000

160
Q

annialated:

A

to destroy, obliterate

161
Q

what are the major results of the war of 1812?

A

gave the US a national identity

  • we beat the British agan (the Rev. wasn’t fluke)
  • thinking about westward expansion
  • ended bad feelings toward the british
162
Q

who was the president during the era of good feelings?

A

james monroe

163
Q

why is he called the last “knee britches” president?

A
  • 4/5 of the first presidents came from Virginia

- true states men

164
Q

where did the era of good feelngs originate?

A

good will tour of new England in 1817

165
Q

why was it called this?

A

he ran unopposed

166
Q

what were some of monroes accomplishments?

A

protective tariff and a new national bank

167
Q

tariff:

A

a tax

168
Q

what is the porpose of a tariff?

A

to increase the tax on forgien goods so people will want to buy US goods

169
Q

what did Monroe oppose?

A

federal aid for improvement on constitutional grounds

170
Q

why did the panic of 1819 occur?

A
  • falling cotton prices
    • hurt manufacturing in the north
  • economic instability in the south
171
Q

what did this lead to?

A

Missouri compromise

172
Q

how did the slavery issue cause problems at his time?

A

Alabama and illinios were just admitted to the union

173
Q

what is the Missouri line and what does it mean?

A

36-30 (longitude)

-any states below this line is open to slavery

174
Q

what did the bush bagot agreement state?

A

no warships on great lakes

175
Q

what was decided at the convention of 1818?

A

49th parallel longitude line of the louisianna purchase and Canada, join to occupation of oragon US could fish in great banks

176
Q

why was florida an issue to the US?

A

spain wouldn’t police it so there were pirates and hostile native americans

177
Q

what was the adams onis treaty?

A

spain seeded florida to US

- we wont touch TX if we get florida

178
Q

what did the Monroe docorine state?

A

western hemisphere is off likits to further europen colonization

  • trying to colonize would be unfavorable
  • no interfering
179
Q

what did the US agree to do if the European countires followed the doctorine?

A

we would stay out of European affairs

180
Q

what was the major ijmportance of the Monroe doctorine?

A
  • wasn’t called MD until 1852
  • precedent of hemispheric hegemony
  • precedent of isolation w/europe
181
Q

who was jeffersons opponent in the election of 1800?

A

john adams (a rematch)

182
Q

who wins the popular vote?

A

Jefferson, by a landslide

183
Q

how is the vie president determined?

A

they split their votes between Jefferson and arron burr

-they give Jefferson more so that he will be president

184
Q

why did the electoral college cast too many votes for aron burr?

A

they voted incorrectly

185
Q

how does this create a probem?

A

since it was a tie the house of reps had to choose a president

186
Q

who were many federalists thinking of chosing?

A

burr

187
Q

how does alexander Hamilton help Jefferson?

A

urges the federalists to vote for jefferson

188
Q

what are the tre things that Jefferson does when he is president?

A
  • pardon those under the alien and sedation acts
  • eliminate excise taxes
  • reduced the size of the government, this reduced the national debt
189
Q

how did the judiciary act impact the supreme court/

A

it changed the number of judges from 6-5 (it created judgeships)

190
Q

what did john adams do riht before he left office?

A

appointed federalists judges so that they interpret the constitution in a way that the federalists would like

191
Q

why were these people called the “midnight judges”?

A

because adams was rushing to get this done b4 he is run out of office

192
Q

who is William marburry?

A

one of the midnight judges

193
Q

why did Jefferson not want to give him the job that adams promised him?

A

Jefferson never promised him this job. adams did, so it wasn’t jeffersons responcibility

194
Q

what does marbury do?

A

takes it to the supreme court

195
Q

how did the court decide?

A

against Marbury- says the pres. has the right to not give him the job

196
Q

why is this considerd a land mark case?

A

the first time they declared an act unconstitutional

197
Q

why was Jefferson concerned about napoleon and the French?

A

napoleon gained control of the Louisiana territory and had dreams of a world empire

198
Q

what oes Jefferson decide to do?

A

sends james Monroe to franch to offer napoleon 10 million for the Orleans territory

199
Q

what happens that affects napoleons decision?

A
  • having bad relations with britian

- uprising in Haiti- the people in Haiti defeated the french

200
Q

what is the final deal that is made?

A

15 million for the whole Louisiana purchase

201
Q

what position does arron burr decide to run for?

A

run for govner in NY

202
Q

how does alexander Hamilton influence his election?

A

once again he urges people not to vote for burr

203
Q

how does burr react?

A

he challenges Hamilton to a duel (they both get to fire a shot)
-Hamilton misses and burr hits Hamilton and hits him in the stomache, killing hamilton

204
Q

what happens next?

A

burr is seen as a really bad person, his carreer is forever ruined

205
Q

did Jefferson know anything about the new territory he gained?

A

no

206
Q

what is the name of the man he chose to explor it?

A

meiwether louis

207
Q

why was he a good fit?

A

his knowledge of medicine, botony, zoology, and celestial navigation

208
Q

what is the name of the man Louis chose to come with him?

A

William clarke

209
Q

why was he chosen?

A

his knowledge in map making, bring a nature artist, and a rivr boat man, good at hunting, trapping, tracking, camping, and land navigation

210
Q

Jefferson set out five major goals for the expidition

A
  • follow the Missouri river and find its sources
  • find a water route to the pacific ocean, known as the northwest passage
  • learn about the NA’s costoms, and culture
  • write about the newly discovered animals, and plants
  • learn about the climate, soil, and terrian
211
Q

how many soldiers joined them?

A

21

212
Q

how many riversmen?

A

18

213
Q

who else joined them?

A

an interpreter

214
Q

what kind of boats did the crew have?

A
  • one long keelboat

- 2 smaller boats known as pirogues

215
Q

where and when did the depart?

A

may 1804, from independence MO

216
Q

who were the NA’s very interested in? why?

A

Clarke’s slave, York

-they had never seen someone of African decent

217
Q

what was York given the right to do?

A

vote

218
Q

when winter came where did they stay?

A

with the NA tribe, the Maden people (ND)

219
Q

who did they meet while staying there?

A

sacagawea

220
Q

who was born during the trip?

A

jean baptiste

221
Q

when they got to a fork in the river which way did they decide to go?

A

west, towards the great falls

222
Q

when they got there how long did it take to travel arounf the 5 water falls?

A

one month

223
Q

what did the encounter after the water falls?

A

rocky mountains

224
Q

what did they realize?

A

the northwest passage did not excist

225
Q

what did the have get from the shoshon tribe in order to keep moving forward?

A

horses

226
Q

why was it pretty easy to get them?

A

the chief was sacageweas brother

227
Q

where did they go after getting the horses?

A

across the bitterroot mountians and over the continental divide

228
Q

when they ran out of food what did they eat?

A

candles, portable soup, and the horses

229
Q

when did the group finally reach the pacific ocean?

A

November 1805

230
Q

the built a fort there, what was the name?

A

fort clatsop

231
Q

Louis and Clarke split up on the way home, where did Clarke go?

A

followed the Yellowstone river

232
Q

and luois?

A

followed the Missouri river

233
Q

when did they return home in st. luois?

A

September 1806

234
Q

what did the crew gain information on?

A

178 new plants
12 new animals
40 different NA tribes

235
Q

what was Luois name govener of?

A

luoisinna territory

236
Q

how did he die?

A

under mysterious circumstances

237
Q

what was Clarke named govener of?

A

Missouri territory

238
Q

why did sacagewea send he son to live with Clarke?

A

to get a better education

239
Q

Sacagawea’s death date is diputed, when is she thought to have died?

A

1884 and 1812

history mid term (1 decks)

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