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U.S. Government Final Exam Review (Spring 2024) > U.S. Government Final Exam Review (Spring 2024) > Flashcards

U.S. Government Final Exam Review (Spring 2024) Flashcards

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1
Q

What theory of government does John Locke’s philosophy support?

A

Supports the social contract theory of government.

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2
Q

Define the federal government

A

A system in which power is divided between a central government and individual states.

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of a state?

A

Population, territory, sovereignty, and government

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4
Q

How does majority rule work in a democracy?

A

Decisions are made by a vote, and the option with the most votes wins.

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5
Q

What are the purposes of government listed in the Preamble?

A

Form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty.

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6
Q

Describe the concept of limited government

A

Government powers are restricted by the Constitution.

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7
Q

What is the most important document for U.S. Government?

A

The U.S. Constitution.

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8
Q

What are the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

A

No power to tax, no executive branch, no national court system.

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9
Q

What is social contract theory?

A

Individuals agree to form a government for mutual protection.

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10
Q

What is the divine right theory?

A

Leaders derive their authority from a higher power.

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11
Q

What is the evolutionary theory?

A

Government develops naturally.

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12
Q

What is the force theory?

A

Government arises from the force.

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13
Q

Why did the Framers put an amendment process into the Constitution?

A

Allows for changes and updates

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14
Q

How many active Amendments are in the U.S. Constitution?

A

26

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15
Q

What Amendment is no longer valid?

A

18th Amendment (Prohibition).

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16
Q

How can Congress informally amend the U.S. Constitution?

A

Through the interpretation of laws and the use of implied powers.

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17
Q

Which Article to the U.S. Constitution deals with the legislative branch?

A

Article I.

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18
Q

Who sets and who approves the salary for members of Congress?

A

Set by Congress, approved by Congress.

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19
Q

How many senators per state?

A

2

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20
Q

Why does Congress have the power to run investigations?

A

Oversight function.

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21
Q

Who gets to impeach the president?

A

House of Representatives.

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22
Q

How long do Senators serve?

A

6 years.

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23
Q

When Congress is working they are said to be in ______________?

A

“Session.”

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24
Q

Who is the commander-in-chief?

A

The President

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25
Q

What day is Election Day?

A

The first Tuesday in November

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26
Q

What does the Amendment XXV deal with?

A

Deals with presidential succession and disability.

27
Q

What are the official qualifications for the office of President?

A

Natural-born citizen, 35 years old, resident for 14 years.

28
Q

How many terms can a president serve? What is the most years they can serve?

A

2 terms, maximum of 10 years.

29
Q

If the president and vice president die, who takes over?

A

Speaker of the House.

30
Q

What is the Electoral College?

A

Body of electors choosing the president.

31
Q

How many electoral votes does each state get and how are electors chosen?

A

Based on the number of senators and representatives, electors chosen by the state.

32
Q

What are the 7 roles the President fulfills?

A

Chief Executive, Chief Legislator, Chief Diplomat, Commander-in-Chief, Chief of State, Chief of Party, Chief Guardian of the Economy.

33
Q

Cruel and unusual punishment is prohibited by this Amendment.

A

Eighth Amendment.

34
Q

What are the freedoms listed in Amendment I?

A

Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition.

35
Q

What is the Bill of Rights?

A

First ten amendments to the Constitution.

36
Q

What did the Brown v. Board of Education decision do?

A

Ended racial segregation in public schools.

37
Q

What is the significance of Miranda v. Arizona?

A

Established Miranda rights.

38
Q

What is precedent?

A

A legal decision or form of proceeding serving as an authoritative rule.

39
Q

What precedent came from the Tinker v. Des Moines case?

A

Students’ free speech rights.

40
Q

What was decided in the U.S. v. American Library Association case?

A

Struck down parts of the Children’s Internet Protection Act.

41
Q

How long do Supreme Court justices serve?

A

Life

42
Q

What powers does the Supreme Court have?

A

Judicial review, interpreting laws, settling disputes.

43
Q

What was decided in the Roe v. Wade case?

A

Legalized abortion.

44
Q

What power did the Supreme Court exercise in the Marbury v. Madison case?

A

Judicial review.

45
Q

What is the process by which Supreme Court justices get appointed to the Court?

A

Presidential nomination, Senate confirmation.

46
Q

What is judicial review?

A

Court’s power to review and potentially invalidate government actions.

47
Q

What is a writ of certiorari?

A

An order to a lower court to send up the record in a given case.

48
Q

Who is the leader of the Democratic Party?

A

Joe Biden or Jaime Harrison

49
Q

Are Democrats more likely to be pro-life or pro-choice?

A

Generally pro-choice.

50
Q

Are Republicans more likely to support higher or lower taxes?

A

Generally lower taxes.

51
Q

What political party are liberals more likely to identify with?

A

Democratic Party

52
Q

What political party controls the H of R and Senate?

A

Democrats

53
Q

In what type of elections do more voters participate?

A

Presidential elections.

54
Q

Why was the Amendment XV (right to vote) ineffective when ratified in 1870?

A

Not enforced, especially in the South

55
Q

The most important predictor to whether you vote is___________?

A

Education.

56
Q

What is political socialization?

A

Process of acquiring political beliefs and values.

57
Q

What are good reasons for a citizen not to vote in an election?

A

Lack of interest, belief that their vote doesn’t matter.

58
Q

What is ballot fatigue?

A

Voters are less likely to complete the ballot as they go down.

59
Q

How can voter participation be improved?

A

Voting accessibility, education, civic engagement.

60
Q

The five freedoms of the 1st Amendment

A

Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition.

61
Q

3 basic rights mentioned in the Declaration of Independence

A

Life, liberty, pursuit of happiness.

62
Q

Secretaries of the President’s Cabinet

A

Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs

63
Q

Current Governor of Florida and Capital City

A

Ron De Santis

64
Q

Identify all the Amendments about voting

A

Amendments XV, XIX, XXIII, XXIV, XXVI.

U.S. Government Final Exam Review (Spring 2024) (2 decks)

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