Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Government and citizenship > US Government Chap 1 > Flashcards

US Government Chap 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Government Basics flashcards AP® U.S. Government flashcards American Government 101 flashcards
1
Q

What ancient artifacts were written in 2300 BC in Iraq and contain the earlier known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi)?

A

tablets of sumer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the well preserved babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia that dates back to 1750 BC

A

hammurabi’s code

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what form of government is controlled by a single ruler who is the head of the state?

A

monarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what basic greek political unit was based on a community of citizens that developed around 750 BC

A

polis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what was the center of greek government

A

acropolis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what form of government is hereditarily based on an elite few

A

aristocracy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what form of government has a cruel ruler who places his own interests over the best interests of the general population

A

tyranny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what form of government is rule by a few a small group of elite leaders

A

oligarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what prominent greek city state rose to become the dominant military land power in 650 BC

A

sparta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what prominent greek city state was a center for the arts, learning, and philosophy, and is widely referred to as a the cradle of western civilization

A

athens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what code of laws was written in 594 BC and was the first written form of self government and was the first athenian constitution

A

laws of solon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which athenian statesman established increased the power of the Athenian assembly in 510 BC and is known as the father of Athenian democracy

A

cleisthenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what form of government is based on the direct rule of the people with decisions made by majority rule

A

democracy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what era took place from 461 to 429 BC and included cultural advancement and the building of the parthenon

A

golden age of athens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what athenian legal procedure used the vote and majority rule to banish a citizen from the city for 10 years without due process

A

ostracism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which greek philosopher believed the principles of right, justice, and law is based upon wisom and universal reason

A

socrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which ancient greek scholar founded the school of athens in 386 BC and wrote the republic the statesman and laws and believed that the state should be ruled by philosopher kings

A

plato

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

which ancient greek scholar founded the lyceum in 336 BC and wrote politics and stated that the end of the state is the good life

A

aristotle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

which group of individuals from the 18th century was influenced the most by the roman republic out of all forms of ancient government?

A

founding fathers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what form of government is based on representative government the rule of law and is limited in its power

A

republic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what civilization was founded by romulus in 753 BC and was based on monarchial rule

A

rome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what latin term means the power to command and was used by roman rulers to issue decrees and to punish offenders

A

imperium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what governing body advised the king ans was made up of 100 leading men who served for life

A

roman senate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what form of government was established in rome in 509 BC and lasted for over 450 years

A

roman republic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does SPQR or senatus populusque romanus mean

A

senate and people of rome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what roman office was elected annually and was held by two individuals who had veto power over the other

A

consuls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what was romes first written consitution was inscribed in stone and placed in the roman forum in 450 BC

A

twelve tables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what was this constitution based on

A

the laws of solon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is romes greatest contribution to western civilization

A

roman law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is a system of rules that are created and enforced through government to regulate behavior

A

law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

which roman statesman championed constitutional government and wrote on offices on republics and on laws in the 1st century

A

cicero

32
Q

whcih roman statesman said monarchy becomes despotism aristocracy becomes oligarchy democracy becomes mob rule, chaos, and dictatorship

A

cicero

33
Q

what political idea states that laws that govern humanity are universal and are used to protect rights possessed by all human beings and can be discovered through the use of reason

A

universal law

34
Q

list four causes of the fall of the roman republic in the 1st century BC

A

civil war, conspiracy, revolts, Julius Ceasar

35
Q

what term refers to the domination of other nations by one country

A

empire

36
Q

what is the keystone of christian law and states that whatsoever ye would that men should do to you do ye even so to them

A

golden rule

37
Q

what collapsed in 476 AD due to perpetual war, and over extended military, loss of freedom, a burgeoning welfare state, and political corruption

A

roman empire

38
Q

what empire continued for another thousand years until its collapse in 1453 AD

A

byzantine

39
Q

what compilation of law took place during the reign of Justinian the great and became the basis of European legal systems

A

body of civil law

40
Q

what medieval government had an elected monarch a form of parliament and the principle of restitution

A

anglo-saxon government

41
Q

what name was given to the militia that was made up of freemen who provided their own arms and provisions

A

fyrd

42
Q

which king reigned from 871 to 899 and unified england into a single kingdom and required that all people be armed with personal weapons to defend themselves against viking attack

A

alfred the great

43
Q

what filled the power vacuum left by the fall of the roman empire and was the most powerful institution during the early middle ages

A

imperial church

44
Q

what form of government is run by a church or a religious authority

A

theocracy

45
Q

what form of government is governed by one, generally by birth or succession

A

medievel monarchy

46
Q

wjat historical event took place in 1066 and resulted int he coronation of William I as the king of England as well as other major political changes?

A

norman conquest of england

47
Q

What medieval European political system was introduced to England by William I that was based on land and protection and included a hierarchy with kings lords knights and serfs

A

Feudalism

48
Q

Who were the greatest lords of Europe and all those nights were the vessels

A

Kings and queens

49
Q

Who were vassels of the king and we’re also lords of lower ranking nobles and knights

A

Nobles

50
Q

Who served their noble Lords in exchange for land

A

Knights

51
Q

Who owns no land and worked on land owned by nobles or knights

A

peasants

52
Q

What was created during the reign of the Normans and consisted of pillars of feudal society

A

Great councils

53
Q

What law is built on custom and court decision and was made standard throughout England by Henry the second

A

Common law

54
Q

Legal document was signed by king John at Runnymede by English parents who sought to restrict the power of the king and established the principle of limited government in England

A

Magna Carta

55
Q

What protects an individual freedom from arbitrary state action and arbitrary and Imprisonment and translates to bring the body

A

Habeas corpus

56
Q

What was established in 1215 and was made up of English nobles who advised the king

A

Parliament

57
Q

What convened in 1265 at Westminster hall during the reign of Henry the third by the English barons lead by Simon de Montfort to limit the power of the king

A

Provisions of Oxford or Parliament

58
Q

What political institution was established by Edward the first in 1295 that became an English legislature

A

Model Parliament

59
Q

What words took place from 1296 to 1328 that were led by William Wallace and Robert Bruce to gain freedom from English rule

A

Wars of Scottish independence

60
Q

What political document was signed on April 6, 1320 that’s a clear Scotland’s independence and stated for as long as were 100 of us remain alive never will be on any conditions we brought under English roll it is not for glory and riches in her honor is that we are fighting for freedom for that alone which no honest man gives up but with life itself

A

Declaration of arbroath

61
Q

Who is the king of England from 1327 to 1377

A

Edward the third

62
Q

What English institution by the 14th century consisted of two chambers the house of lords and house of commons and later was used as a model for the United States Congress

A

English Parliament

63
Q

What concept place emphasis on reason and celebrated individuality

A

humanism

64
Q

What term describes independent countries that have emerged by the 15th century

A

Nation states

65
Q

What time means having supreme power or authority

A

Sovereignty

66
Q

What is a synonym for sovereign

A

independence

67
Q

Who’s power increased during the renaissance

A

European kings

68
Q

Which Florentine political philosopher wrote the prince in 1513 and his name has become synonymous with ruthless political expediency

A

Nicole machiavelli

69
Q

Which king of England range from 1509 to 1547 and use parliament as an instrument of tyranny and ruled as an absolutist king

A

Henry the eighth

70
Q

Which English political philosopher out utopia in 1516 was an advisor to the king and was executed for his opposition to Royal power

A

Thomas more

71
Q

What movement in the 16th century challenge the supreme authority of the Catholic Church in Europe and led to the decline of papal political power

A

Reformation

72
Q

Which political figures gained more independence through the protestant reformation

A

Protestant kings

73
Q

Which French political philosopher wrote the six books of states in 1576 and defended the sovereign rights of monarchy

A

Jean bodin

74
Q

Which English political philosopher wrote laws of ecclesiastical polity in 1594 and promoted the idea of natural law and constitutional monarchy

A

Richard hooker

75
Q

What political doctor and states that kings to arrive there authority to rule directly from the will of God

A

Divine right of kings

Government and citizenship (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions